Playing games with ‘race’: understanding resistance to ‘race’ equality initiatives in English local football governance

Lusted, Jim

doi:10.1080/14660970903239941

Cited by 45 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Indeed, on one hand, football managers try to maximize sports performance due to personal interests (they can have greater contractual power, maximize their salaries, etc. ); on the other hand, shareholders want to maximize financial performance (Dietl & Franck, 2007;El Hodiri & Quirk, 1974;Hassan & Hamil, 2010;Hope, 2003;Lusted, 2009). Thus, according to these authors, if a club has fewer shareholders (or the owners are from the same family), the goal will not be to maximize profits in the short term but to obtain more benefits in the middle-long term.…”

Section: Governance Factors and Sports Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many authors argued that football clubs should try to pursue profit maximization, highlighting a classic agency problem due to the interests of two kinds of figures-the football managers and the proprietors (Dietl & Franck, 2007;El Hodiri & Quirk, 1974;Hassan & Hamil, 2010;Lusted 2009;Scully, 1994). Indeed, on one hand, football managers try to maximize sports performance due to personal interests (they can have greater contractual power, maximize their salaries, etc.…”

Section: Governance Factors and Sports Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Financial Versus Sports Performance: The Missing Link

Ferri¹,

Macchioni²,

Maffei³

et al. 2017

IJBM

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This paper aims to investigate the relationship between the financial and the sports performance of Italian football teams. To achieve this aim, a panel data analysis was performed, using financial statements and data from sports results. The panel dataset covers seven seasons (from 2007-2008 to 2013-2014) and 29 clubs that belong to the Italian "Serie A." The results indicate positive effects between the expenses for football players' salaries and the clubs' sports performance but no significant effects between player transfer fees and sports performance.

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Section: Governance Factors and Sports Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Governance Factors and Sports Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Financial Versus Sports Performance: The Missing Link

Ferri¹,

Macchioni²,

Maffei³

et al. 2017

IJBM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As Lusted (2009) explains, CFAs are semi-autonomous in that they enjoy relative financial independence in their governance and are not subject to the very visible accountability that the FA has been subjected to in recent years in responding to external pressure to reform its structure and policies. Indeed, Lusted has shown that County FAs routinely reproduce hegemonic ideologies of meritocracy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But a lack of progress in addressing gender has been particularly notable in English football (e.g. Williams, 2014) and the English Football Association has come under persistent pressure from both UEFA and FIFA as well as domestic organizations (see Lusted, 2009) to address the continued concerns about poor gender inclusion and provision since they were pushed by FIFA to oversee English women's football in 1993.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Training to Coach a Men’s Sport

Fielding‐Lloyd

Meân

2016

Communication & Sport

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Despite increasing female participation in English football (aka soccer), the sport remains rooted in the values and discursive practices of orthodox masculinity. This is exemplified by the English Football Association (FA), which has been criticized for its ineffective responses to addressing the inclusion and progression of women as players and workers within the organization. Female membership in male-dominated organizations is not readily achieved, given the dominance of masculinist discourses and the risks of overtly challenging these. In this study, we explored the discursive management of gendered and/or footballing identities from interviews with participants in an English regional FA’s women-only football coach education program. All of the participants described the peripheral positioning of women in English football. Analysis identified evidence of both collaboration with and resistance to the dominant masculinist discourses in the accounts of their experiences in football, while also reproducing the most valued footballing identities and knowledge as male. We connect this to the complexities of negotiating and managing gendered identities for women in male-dominated organizations. All of the participants described the value and benefits of women-only coach education and the majority noted they would prefer women-only coach education in future.

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“…Given the historically inscribed power relations and limited existing demographic of older, white, males, within football governance infrastructures, it is hardly unsurprising that minority populations continue to be marginalised from the benefits and profits of these hegemonic white networks of mutual acquaintance. Whilst the relative absence of minorities from these governance infrastructures is underpinned by processes of unconscious and indirect forms of institutional discrimination, a number of authors have suggested some deeply embedded 'cultures of resistance' to more equitable change amongst key stakeholders within the governance of the game , Hylton 2009, Long 2000, Long et al 2002, 2005, Lusted 2009. This resistance to change is to some extent reflective of the dominant political paradigms in certain nation states, in which relatively closed models of national identity and citizenship underpin limited policy approaches to dealing with minorities premised on assimilation or non intervention.…”

Section: Concluding Comments: the Limits Of Resistance And The Centramentioning

confidence: 99%

Racisms and the Experiences of Minorities in Amateur Football in the UK and Europe

Bradbury¹

Routledge Handbook of Leisure Studies

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Racisms and the experiences of minorities in amateur football in the UK and Europe IntroductionOver the last twenty years, there has been a steadily growing body of academic research which has focused on issues of racism in professional football in the UK and Europe. What distinguishes the approach developed in this chapter is its focus on the previously underresearched area of racism and minority experiences of amateur football. Around 21 million people are registered to take part in organised amateur football in the UK and Europe and a further 40 million people are estimated to play football recreationally without being registered at amateur clubs. To this end, amateur football can be understood to be a prominent leisure activity for a significant percentage of the populations of Europe, including large numbers drawn from minority backgrounds. This is important since as Carrington points out, football, in common with many other sports, 'remains a critical site for the reproduction and re-articulation of forms of racial knowledge and common-sense and is an important location in the contested struggles over ideology, politics and identity ' (2010: 175).From this inherently sociological perspective, sporting practice does not take place in a social, cultural or political vacuum, but, rather, it is reflective of and reflects back upon a series of historically inscribed and deeply racialised power relations embedded within the societies in which it takes place. Further, the development, organisation and practice of sport can be understood as a distinctly racial formation within which a series of dominant social, economic and political forces have shaped the content and importance of racial meanings and categories. To this end, sport is both receptive to and productive of racial meanings, and through the lens of sport social relations between peoples have become structured by the signification of human biological and cultural characteristics in such a way as to define and construct differential social collectivities along distinctly racial, ethnic and cultural lines.Sport is also a site in which old biological and new cultural racisms impinge upon and are generated by sporting practice and have become manifest in sporting arenas in explicit and more coded forms. Anthias and Yuval Davis have argued that racisms need to be recognised as a multiplicity of 'modes of exclusion, inferiorisation, subordination and exploitation that present specific and different characters in different social and historical contexts ' (1993:2).Referring to racisms in the plural recognises the complexity and diversity of racisms and their often contradictory character and supports the assertion that 'there is no-one monolithic racism but numerous historical situated racisms ' (Back et al 2001:9). Recognising the plurality of racisms provides a useful conceptual starting point from which to examine the myriad processes and outcomes of overt, culturally coded, and more institutional forms of racism and discrimination in sport. Europe appear r...

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Playing games with ‘race’: understanding resistance to ‘race’ equality initiatives in English local football governance

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Financial Versus Sports Performance: The Missing Link

Financial Versus Sports Performance: The Missing Link

Women Training to Coach a Men’s Sport

Racisms and the Experiences of Minorities in Amateur Football in the UK and Europe

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