Plazenta bei Schwangerschaftshochdruck

Müntefering, Horst; Wysocki, Marc; Rastorguev, E.; Gerein, V.

doi:10.1007/s00292-004-0687-4

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A plausible mechanism for the associations of pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension with MAFLD may be that they result in adverse vascular changes and placental hypoperfusion and thereby lead to fetal hypoxia and growth restriction. 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 Suboptimal oxygenation and growth of the fetus have been found to increase the offspring's risk of NAFLD in animal models 34 , 35 and in epidemiological studies. 11 , 12 Hence, albeit we found no difference in birth anthropometric measures between children with and without MAFLD, subclinical placental dysfunction may contribute to the observed associations of gestational hypertension and pre‐eclampsia with MAFLD, and is an important area for future research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal gestational hypertension, smoking and pre‐eclampsia are associated with metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease in overweight offspring

de Ruyter,

Aitokari,

Lahti

et al. 2024

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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IntroductionDue to a steep increase in obesity, metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has also become the most common chronic hepatic condition among children and adolescents. Various maternal and pregnancy‐related factors have also been implicated in the development of MAFLD, but human studies remain scarce.Material and methodsComprehensive data of 460 overweight or obese children aged 2–16 years were collected and combined with data on selected maternal and pregnancy‐related factors for a case–control study. MALFD was defined as alanine aminotransferase >2× upper limit of normal. Children with and without MAFLD were compared regarding to the study variables and multivariable regression analysis was utilized.ResultsMedian age of the study children was 11.8 (quartiles 9.1–14.2) years; 44% were girls and 17.8% had MAFLD. Children with MAFLD were older (12.7 vs. 11.6 years, p = 0.002), while the groups did not differ age‐standardized body mass index (BMI‐SDS) or gender. Factors associated with MAFLD in a multivariable model considering also the offspring's present BMI‐SDS, sex, and maternal prepregnancy overweight, were child's older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–1.28), maternal gestational smoking (OR 2.01, 95% CI: 1.16–3.47), gestational hypertension (OR 3.44, 95% CI: 1.08–11.0) and pre‐eclampsia (OR 2.93, 95% CI: 1.15–7.45). There was no significant association between MAFLD and maternal BMI, birth anthropometrics or perinatal complications.ConclusionsMaternal smoking, gestational hypertension and pre‐eclampsia were associated with MAFLD among overweight or obese children. Further prospective studies are needed to verify causal relationships.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal gestational hypertension, smoking and pre‐eclampsia are associated with metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease in overweight offspring

de Ruyter,

Aitokari,

Lahti

et al. 2024

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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“…Studies have shown that downregulation of amino acid transporters [35–40], lowered fetomaternal blood flow [35, 41], and structural abnormalities are present in IUGR placentas [42–44]. Since the placenta is the medium through which the fetus receives all factors necessary for growth, disruptions in placental structure or function may alter the development of fetal vasculature, organs, or signaling pathways in ways that predispose the fetus to later development of hypertension.…”

Section: Uteroplacental Insufficiency and Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Fetal Programming in Hypertension

Jones

Jurgens

Evans

et al. 2012

International Journal of Pediatrics

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Events that occur in the early fetal environment have been linked to long-term health and lifespan consequences in the adult. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which may occur as a result of nutrient insufficiency, exposure to hormones, or disruptions in placental structure or function, may induce the fetus to alter its developmental program in order to adapt to the new conditions. IUGR may result in a decrease in the expression of genes that are responsible for nephrogenesis as nutrients are rerouted to the development of more essential organs. Fetal survival under these conditions often results in low birth weight and a deficit in nephron endowment, which are associated with hypertension in adults. Interestingly, male IUGR offspring appear to be more severely affected than females, suggesting that sex hormones may be involved. The processes of fetal programming of hypertension are complex, and we are only beginning to understand the underlying mechanisms.

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Ultrastructural study on human placenta from intrauterine growth retardation cases

Battistelli

Burattini

Pomini

et al. 2004

Microscopy Res & Technique

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A morphological study was performed on 27 human placentas from normal gestations (Group 1) and compared with those from eight cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (Group 2). Semithin section light microscopy, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy were carried out on trophoblastic terminal villi, carefully identified under the stereomicroscope. In growth retardation cases, villi appear longer, thinner, and less vascularized, compared to the normal condition. Fibrinoid, an extracellular material of hematic origin, frequently fills villar stroma. The density of apical microvilli appears considerably reduced and occasional microvilli-free areas are observed in growth retardation cases. Moreover, the underlying basal membrane appears significantly thicker than that of normal syncytiotrophoblast. Recently, particular attention has been paid to apoptosis as a possible cell deletion mechanism in growth restriction. In our study, a majority of typical apoptotic features appear indifferently in both IUGR and normal pregnancy. Our data hints that growth retardation might be correlated with a complex of structural changes, suggestive of maternofetal traffic downregulation, but further studies are required to understand the underlying functional mechanisms.

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Plazenta bei Schwangerschaftshochdruck

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Maternal gestational hypertension, smoking and pre‐eclampsia are associated with metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease in overweight offspring

Maternal gestational hypertension, smoking and pre‐eclampsia are associated with metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease in overweight offspring

Mechanisms of Fetal Programming in Hypertension

Ultrastructural study on human placenta from intrauterine growth retardation cases

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