Pleural Cryptococcosis with Idiopathic CD4 Positive T-lymphocytopenia

Kawabata, Takashi; Matsuyama, Wataru; Higashimoto, Ikkou; Koreeda, Yoshifusa; Eiraku, Nobutaka; Kawabata, Masaharu; Osame, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.43.977

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…197 The desymmetrization of meso-diols 4.29 through acylation had been well-studied by Schreiner and co-workers using Pmh-containing peptides, 165 providing a standard to which this new catalyst archetype may be compared. Various C 2 -symmetric, chiral PPY-based peptides 4.46 were prepared from 5-oxo-Pro in several synthetic steps (Figure 74a) 197,198 and subsequently evaluated in the enantioselective desymmetrization of 4.29a with isobutyric anhydride (Figure 74b). Chiral catalysts containing aromatic residues, such as L-(4.46a) or D-Trp (4.46b) and L-(4.46c) or D-(2-naphthyl)alanine 4.46d) were first synthesized and tested (entries 1-4).…”

Section: Subsequent Acetylation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peptide 4.46a had proven to be a highly efficient catalyst in the regioselective acylation of glucopyranoses. 198 As such, it was the first peptide to be employed in this system, delivering mono-acylated 4.30ab in 85% and 73% ee (entry 1). In screening the other aromatic catalysts, the highest selectivity was achieved with D-2-Nal-containing 4.46d, affording 4.30ab in 77% yield and 83% ee (entry 4).…”

Section: Subsequent Acetylation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asymmetric Catalysis Mediated by Synthetic Peptides, Version 2.0: Expansion of Scope and Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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Low molecular weight synthetic peptides have been demonstrated to be effective catalysts for an increasingly wide array of asymmetric transformations. In many cases, these peptide-based catalysts have enabled novel multifunctional substrate activation modes and unprecedented selectivity manifolds. These features, along with their ease of preparation, modular and tunable structures, and often biomimetic attributes make peptides well-suited as chiral catalysts, and of broad interest. Many examples of peptide-catalyzed asymmetric reactions have appeared in the literature since the last survey of this broad field in Chemical Reviews (Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 5759-5812). The overarching goal of this new review is to provide a comprehensive account of the numerous advances in the field. As a corollary to this goal, we survey the many different types of catalytic reactions, ranging from acylation to C-C bond formation, in which peptides been successfully employed. In so doing, we devote significant discussion to the structural and mechanistic aspects of these reactions that are perhaps specific to peptide-based catalysts and their interactions with substrates and/or reagents.

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Section: Subsequent Acetylation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subsequent Acetylation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric Catalysis Mediated by Synthetic Peptides, Version 2.0: Expansion of Scope and Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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“…36 Increased ROS production leads to oxidative stress, which plays an essential role in Fe-NTA-mediated renal and hepatic tumor promotion after long-term administration. [37][38][39] Oxidative stress induces DNA lesions that are primarily repaired by BER enzymes, leading to elevated levels of AP sites as the major BER intermediate. 4,40,41 Therefore, the derivatization method was optimized using both the Fe-NTA-treated and control rats.…”

Section: Derivatization Of Ap Sites In Mammalian Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Sites in Isolated DNA and in Mammalian Tissue with a Reduced Level of Artifacts

et al. 2019

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The apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site is a common lesion of DNA damage. The levels of AP sites reported in the literature range widely, which is primarily due to the artefactual generation or loss of AP sites during processing of the DNA. Herein, we have developed a method to quantitate AP sites with a largely reduced level of artifacts by derivatizing AP sites before DNA isolation. A rapid digestion of nuclear protein was performed to minimize enzymatic DNA repair, followed by direct derivatization of AP sites in the nuclear lysate with O-(pyridin-3-yl-methyl)hydroxylamine (PMOA), yielding an oxime derivative that is stable through subsequent DNA processing steps. Quantitation was done using highly selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, with a limit of quantitation at 2.2 lesions per 10 8 nucleotides (nts, 0.9 fmol on column). The method was applied in vivo to measure AP sites in rats undergoing oxidative stress [liver: 3.31 ± 0.47/10 7 nts (dosed) vs 0.91 ± 0.06/10 7 nts (control), kidney: 1.60 ± 0.07/10 7 nts (dosed) vs 1.13 ± 0.12/10 7 nts (control)]. The basal AP level was significantly lower than literature values. The method was also used to measure AP sites induced by the chemotherapeutic nitrogen mustard in vitro.

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“…The patient in Mayawaki's study had a high level of spontaneous apoptosis, and all apoptotic cells were identified as being CD4 + T‐cells. Kawabata et al (1992) reported an ICL case with pleural cryptococcosis. A higher percentage of CD95 + CD4 + lymphocytes was found in this case compared with healthy volunteers.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia and opportunistic infection — an update: Table 1

Luo¹,

Li²

2008

FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol

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A severe CD4 T-cell depletion predisposes humans to opportunistic infections. In recent years, reports of cases of opportunistic infections caused by CD4 T-cell depletion without HIV infection have been accumulating. Such cases, termed idiopathic CD4 T lymphocytopenia (ICL), are very rare. The epidemiologic data do not suggest that the condition is caused by a transmissible agent. Unlike HIV infection, the decrease in the CD4 cell counts of patients with ICL is often slow. The clinical spectrum of ICL ranges from an asymptomatic laboratory abnormality to life-threatening opportunistic infections. However, the pathogens, clinical significance and treatment of ICL patients still await systematic research. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the poorly understood syndrome of idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia, providing key insights into the pathogenesis and immunologic characteristics, and suggesting approaches to enhance CD4 T-cell counts.

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Pleural Cryptococcosis with Idiopathic CD4 Positive T-lymphocytopenia

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Asymmetric Catalysis Mediated by Synthetic Peptides, Version 2.0: Expansion of Scope and Mechanisms

Asymmetric Catalysis Mediated by Synthetic Peptides, Version 2.0: Expansion of Scope and Mechanisms

Quantitation of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Sites in Isolated DNA and in Mammalian Tissue with a Reduced Level of Artifacts

Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia and opportunistic infection — an update: Table 1

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