Pleural effusion-related Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis coinfection in a dog

Garcia Ribeiro, Márcio; da Silva, Carolina Polo Camargo; Pchevuzinske, Larissa Marry; Portilho, Fábio Vinícius Ramos; Siqueira, Amanda Keller; Takahira, Regina Kiomi; Paschoal, Natália Rodrigues; de Souza, Adriana Aparecida Lopes; Rodrigues, Carolina Aparecida; de Almeida, Beatriz Oliveira; Bello, Thaís Spessotto; Filho, Marcelo Fagali Árabe; de Lima Paz, Patrik Júnior; Dutra, Valéria; Nakazato, Luciano; Pereira, Nathalia Assis; de Aguiar, Daniel Moura

doi:10.1007/s42770-023-01029-8

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The dog could have antibodies against E. canis from a previous exposure and at the same time an active infection with A. platys , without detectable levels of specific antibodies. This type of coinfection has already been reported and may be related to sharing the same tick vector ( Rhipicephalus sanguineu s, Piratae et al 2019 ; Garcia Ribeiro et al 2023 ). Otherwise, an antibody cross-reactivity between the two pathogens may have occurred, thus distorting the RIT and IFAT tests results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Detection of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. in dogs from a veterinary teaching hospital in Italy: a retrospective study 2012–2020

Facile,

Sabetti,

Balboni

et al. 2024

Vet Res Commun

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Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis, responsible of diseases in dogs, are tick-borne pathogens with a proven or potential zoonotic role that have shown increasing prevalence worldwide. The aims of this retrospective study were to assess the frequency of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. exposure in dogs tested in a veterinary teaching hospital in Italy over a 9-year period, to compare the performance of the diagnostic tests used, to evaluate correlations with clinical data, and to genetically analyse the identified bacteria. During the study period, 1322 dogs tested by at least one of the rapid immunoenzymatic test, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test or end-point PCR assay for Anaplasmataceae detection were included. Dogs were tested if they had clinical signs or clinicopathological alteration or risk factors related to infection, and if they were potential blood-donor animals. Ninety-four of 1322 (7.1%) dogs tested positive for at least one pathogen: 53 (4.3%) for A. phagocytophilum, one (0.1%) for A. platys and 63 (4.6%) for E. canis. The number of dogs tested increased and the positivity rate progressively declined over the years. Comparison of tests showed a near-perfect agreement between serological tests and a poor agreement between PCR and indirect assays. A breed predisposition has been highlighted for A. phagocytophilum infection in hunting breed dogs and for E. canis infection in mixed breed dogs. Phylogeny confirmed potential zoonotic implications for A. phagocytophilum and showed no correlation of the identified bacteria with the geographical origin. Our study provides new insights into possible risk factors in dogs and evidenced discordant results between different tests, suggesting that a combination of serological and molecular assays is preferable for a correct diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%