Plexiform spindle cell naevus: a distinctive variant of plexiform melanocytic naevus

Barnhill, R. L.; Mihm, Martín C.; Magro, Cynthia M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00832.x

Cited by 86 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In mature forms of Reed nevi, cells are arranged in elegant elongated fascicles parallel to the epidermis [8,9,114]. Cells are mostly spindle and rich in pigment, which is also present in the epidermis in the keratinocytes and in the dermis inside numerous melanophages.…”

Section: Reed Nevus Vs Melanoma With Features Of Reed Nevusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanocytic nevi simulant of melanoma with medicolegal relevance

Massi

2007

Virchows Arch

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A group of melanocytic benign nevi are prone to be misdiagnosed as nodular or superficial spreading melanoma. This review illustrates the most frequent forms of these nevi in direct comparison with their malignant morphologic counterparts. The nevi are: hyper-cellular form of common nevus to be distinguished from nevoid melanoma, Spitz nevus (vs spitzoid melanoma), Reed nevus (vs melanoma with features of Reed nevus), cellular atypical blue nevus (vs melanoma on blue nevus), acral nevus (vs acral melanoma), Clark dysplastic nevus (vs superficial spreading melanoma), desmoplastic nevi (vs desmoplastic melanoma), benign proliferative nodules in congenital nevi (vs melanoma on congenital nevi), epithelioid blue nevus (vs animal type melanoma) and regressed nevus (vs regressed melanoma). For each single 'pair' of morphological look-alikes, a specific set of morphological, immunohistochemical and genetic criteria is provided.

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Section: Reed Nevus Vs Melanoma With Features Of Reed Nevusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanocytic nevi simulant of melanoma with medicolegal relevance

Massi

2007

Virchows Arch

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“…The DPN is a variant of benign melanocytic nevus with clinical and histologic features that may be alarming and can be mistaken for vertical growth phase, nodular malignant melanoma (NMM; refs. [1][2][3][4]. In some cases, only histologic features together with clinical follow-up information can confirm that a lesion was truly benign.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ataxia Telangiectasia-Mutated Gene Is a Possible Biomarker for Discrimination of Infiltrative Deep Penetrating Nevi and Metastatic Vertical Growth Phase Melanoma

Roesch¹,

Becker

Bentink

et al. 2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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The deep penetrating nevus (DPN) is a variant of benign melanocytic nevus with clinical and histologic features mimicking vertical growth phase, nodular malignant melanoma (NMM). Because fatal misdiagnosis such as NMM occurs in 29% to 40% of the DPN, molecular differentiation markers are highly desirable. Beyond the clinical demand for precise diagnosis and diagnosisadapted, preventive therapeutic strategies, the DPN represents a valuable natural model for melanocytic invasion without metastatic potential that per se deserves further investigations. In the present study, at first, we used a genome-wide, microarray-based approach to systematically prescreen for possible molecular markers differentially expressed between selected cases of typical DPN (n = 4) and metastatic NMM controls (n = 4). Gene expression profiling was done on Affymetrix Human X3P microarrays. Of the 47,000 genes spotted, we identified a list of 227 transcripts, which remained significantly regulated at a false discovery rate of 5%. Subsequently, we verified the expression of a subset of the most interesting transcripts in a larger immunohistochemical series (DPN, n = 17; NMM, n = 16). Of these transcripts, three were selected for immunohistochemical confirmation: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, tumor protein D52, and ataxia telangiectasia-mutated gene (ATM). Additional criteria for selection from the list of 227 significantly regulated transcripts were grouping into functional Ingenuity networks and a known melanoma-or cancer-relevant function. Following these criteria, we detected a highly significant up-regulation of ATM transcription in NMM, which was also mirrored by ATM protein up-regulation. In contrast to the other markers, ATM particularly might serve as a suitable diagnostic and reliable discriminator of DPN/NMM because ATM immunoreactivity also showed a reliable staining consistency within all samples of both entities. (1) reported a series of invasive, but nonmetastatic, pigmented melanocytic tumors and coined the term deep penetrating nevus (DPN). The DPN is a variant of benign melanocytic nevus with clinical and histologic features that may be alarming and can be mistaken for vertical growth phase, nodular malignant melanoma (NMM; refs. 1-4). In some cases, only histologic features together with clinical follow-up information can confirm that a lesion was truly benign. Due to its wedge-shaped growth into the dermis and subcutis (4) and further pseudomalignant features, such as absence of melanocytic maturation and lesional asymmetry (4, 5), misdiagnosis such as NMM is reported to occur in 29% to 40% of the cases. As a consequence, such patients would be excessively overtreated, causing a tremendous reduction of quality of life due to extensive follow-up examinations and possible side effects due to adjuvant therapy regimens (1, 4, 5). The opposite (i.e., taking advanced melanomas as deep penetrating nevi) may also occur, certainly with a more fatal consequence for the patient because a potentially curative thera...

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“…Barnhill et al 2,3 reported a histomorphologically similar melanocytic lesion using the term plexiform spindle cell nevus. However, the plexiform spindle cell nevus is more plaque-like and surrounds the superficial neurovascular plexus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2,5,[7][8][9][10] Estimates exist that, depending on the criteria used for classification, misdiagnoses as melanoma occur in 29-40% of the cases. 1,4,5 The opposite, that is taking advanced melanomas as deep penetrating nevi may also occur.…”

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confidence: 99%

Loss of dipeptidyl peptidase IV immunostaining discriminates malignant melanomas from deep penetrating nevi

Roesch¹,

Wittschier²,

Becker³

et al. 2006

Modern Pathology

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The deep penetrating nevus is a rare variant of benign melanocytic nevus with histologic features mimicking vertical growth phase, nodular malignant melanoma. In this study, we expand on the search for new complementary discriminating markers by analyzing a selection of both cell cycle-related factors, such as retinoblastoma protein and phospho-retinoblastoma protein Ser795 as indicators for retinoblastoma protein activation/inactivation status, and invasion-related factors, such as matrix metalloproteinase-1, matrix metalloproteinase-2, membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 and integrin b3. MIB-1/Ki-67 was analyzed as an example for a common proliferation marker. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV/CD26 was analyzed as a marker affecting both proliferation and invasion of malignant melanocytic tumors. Semiquantitative assessment of both immunolocalization and immunoreactivity of retinoblastoma protein and phospho-retinoblastoma protein Ser795, MIB-1/Ki-67, matrix metalloproteinase-1, matrix metalloproteinase-2, membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 and integrin b3 revealed no consistent differences between deep penetrating nevi (n ¼ 14) and matched cases of nodular malignant melanomas (n ¼ 10). Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 immunostaining of some deep penetrating nevi even exceeded that of nodular malignant melanomas. Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression scores of nodular malignant melanomas were higher than those of deep penetrating nevi, which was, however, not significantly discriminative. In contrast, immunostaining of dipeptidyl peptidase IV was significantly discriminative due to a consistent lack of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-expression in nodular malignant melanomas. These results add evidence that among the selected markers supposed to be relevant for melanoma progression the presence of dipeptidyl peptidase IV can be used to support diagnosis of deep penetrating nevi in doubtful cases. As loss of dipeptidyl peptidase IV may also be causally linked to the transition of invasive to metastatic phenotypes, the molecular mechanisms downstream of dipeptidyl peptidase IV deserve to be studied in more detail in future investigations.

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Plexiform spindle cell naevus: a distinctive variant of plexiform melanocytic naevus

Cited by 86 publications

References 9 publications

Melanocytic nevi simulant of melanoma with medicolegal relevance

Melanocytic nevi simulant of melanoma with medicolegal relevance

Ataxia Telangiectasia-Mutated Gene Is a Possible Biomarker for Discrimination of Infiltrative Deep Penetrating Nevi and Metastatic Vertical Growth Phase Melanoma

Loss of dipeptidyl peptidase IV immunostaining discriminates malignant melanomas from deep penetrating nevi

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