Pliocene uplift of the northern Tibetan Plateau

Zheng, Hairong; Powell, Christopher McAulay; An, Zhisheng; Zhou, Jie; Guo, Dong

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2000)028<0715:puotnt>2.3.co;2

Cited by 64 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…1a). The lowered orography of the TP is consistent with geological evidence, which indicates that several accelerated rises of the northern TP have occurred since the mid-Pliocene (Zheng et al, 2000;Fang et al, 2005;Li et al, 2014). Thus, in turn, from the mPWP to the present, we can see that the EASWs have weakened in monsoonal China and the EAWWs have strengthened in northern monsoonal China.…”

Section: Implications For Paleoclimate Evolution In East Asia and Relsupporting

confidence: 84%

Causes of mid-Pliocene strengthened summer and weakened winter monsoons over East Asia

2015

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The mid-Pliocene warm period was the most recent geological period in Earth's history that featured long-term warming. Both geological evidence and model results indicate that East Asian summer winds (EASWs) strengthened in monsoonal China, and that East Asian winter winds (EAWWs) weakened in northern monsoonal China during this period, as compared to the pre-industrial period. However, the corresponding mechanisms are still unclear. In this paper, the results of a set of numerical simulations are reported to analyze the effects of changed boundary conditions on the mid-Pliocene East Asian monsoon climate, based on PRISM3 (Pliocene Research Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping) palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. The model results showed that the combined changes of sea surface temperatures, atmospheric CO 2 concentration, and ice sheet extent were necessary to generate an overall warm climate on a large scale, and that these factors exerted the greatest effects on the strengthening of EASWs in monsoonal China. The orographic change produced significant local warming and had the greatest effect on the weakening of EAWWs in northern monsoonal China in the mid-Pliocene. Thus, these two factors both had important but different effects on the monsoon change. In comparison, the effects of vegetational change on the strengthened EASWs and weakened EAWWs were relatively weak. The changed monsoon winds can be explained by a reorganization of the meridional temperature gradient and zonal thermal contrast. Moreover, the effect of orbital parameters cannot be ignored. Results showed that changes in orbital parameters could have markedly affected the EASWs and EAWWs, and caused significant short-term oscillations in the mid-Pliocene monsoon climate in East Asia. , 2015: Causes of mid-Pliocene strengthened summer and weakened winter monsoons over East Asia.

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Section: Implications For Paleoclimate Evolution In East Asia and Relsupporting

confidence: 84%

Causes of mid-Pliocene strengthened summer and weakened winter monsoons over East Asia

2015

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“…During the Eocene, after the collision of India with Eurasia ( Fig. 2; Gradstein et al 2004;Li 1996;Qiu 2002;Zheng et al 2000), the palaeo-lake depocentre started to migrate from the west to the east (Liu et al 1998). In the Miocene, the lake expanded about 300 km eastwards (Duan and Hu 2001) and possibly reached its maximum extension as the climate became more humid ).…”

Section: Geology and Climate Of The Qaidam Basinmentioning

confidence: 97%

Monitoring Cenozoic climate evolution of northeastern Tibet: stable isotope constraints from the western Qaidam Basin, China

Rieser

Bojar

Neubauer

et al. 2008

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Carbon and oxygen stable isotopic composition of Cenozoic lacustrine carbonates from the intramontane Qaidam Basin yields cycles of variable length and shows several distinct events driven by tectonics and climate changes. From Eocene to Oligocene, the over-all trend in the d 13 C composition of lacustrine carbonates shows a shift toward higher values, possibly related to higher proportions of dissolved inorganic carbon transported to the lake or lower input of soil derived CO 2 . At the same time, the d 18 O composition of lacustrine carbonates is decreasing in accordance with the global cooling trend and northwards drifting of the whole region. During the Miocene, distinct isotopic events can be recognized, although their interpretation and linkage to a certain tectonic event remains difficult. These events may be related to uplift in the Himalayas, to the strongest phase of uplift in the Altyn Mountains, to pronounced subsidence of the Qaidam Basin or to the expansion of C4 plants on land. Generally cold, highly evaporative conditions can be deduced from enrichment of d 18 O isotopic compositions during Pliocene and Quaternary times.

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“…Trümpy (1960) believed that the Alps, which initially formed at the end of the Oligocene, had been reduced to low elevations by the end of the Miocene and were rejuvenated during the Pliocene and Quaternary. Subsequently, many authors proposed that young uplift affected the Sierra Nevada of California (Axelrod 1962;Christensen 1966;Huber 1981;Chase and Wallace 1986;Unruh 1991), the Southern Alps of New Zealand (Suggate 1963;Wellman 1974;Koons 1989), the Himalayas (Curray and Moore 1971;Derbyshire 1996;Fort 1996;Einsele et al 1996;Copeland 1997), the East African Rift (Baker and Wohlenberg 1971;Mahaney 1987;Coetzee 1987), the Southern California Borderland (Doyle and Bandy 1972), the polar Urals (Maksimov 1973), Indonesia (Tija et al 1974), the mountains of Scandinavia (Mörner 1977;Cloetingh and Kooi 1992;Hjelstuen et al 1999), Tibet (Hsu 1978;Xu 1981;Powell 1986;Copeland et al 1987;Harrison et al 1992;Molnar et al 1993;Li et al 1997;Copeland 1997;Zheng et al 2000), parts of the Andes (Jordan et al 1983;Benjamin et al 1987;Strecker et al 1989), the Rocky Mountains and High Plains (Epis and Chapin 1975;Gable...…”

Section: The Paradigm Of Late Cenozoic Upliftmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Late Cenozoic uplift - climate change paradox

Hay

Söding

DeConto

et al. 2002

International Journal of Earth Sciences

117

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The geologic evidence for worldwide uplift of mountain ranges in the Neogene is ambiguous. Estimates of paleoelevation vary, according to whether they are based on the characteristics of fossil floras, on the masses and grain sizes of eroded sediments, or on calculations of increased thickness of the lithosphere as a result of faulting. Detrital erosion rates can be increased both by increased relief in the drainage basin and by a change to more seasonal rainfall patterns. The geologic record provides no clear answer to the question whether uplift caused the climatic deterioration of the Neogene or whether the changing climate affected the erosion system in such a way as to create an illusion of uplift. We suggest that the spread of C 4 plants in the Late Miocene may have altered both the erosion and climate systems. These changes are responsible for the apparent contradictions between data supporting uplift and those supporting high elevations in the past. A brief historical perspectiveLyell (1830) was impressed by the marked contrast between the conditions required for deposition of the Carboniferous coals as opposed to the present climate. Convinced that the climate of the British Isles had been different in the past, he proposed that the change reflected differences in the global latitudinal distribution of land and sea, arguing that with more extensive land areas in the polar regions, the earth would become cooler, and conversely, with more land in the equatorial regions, the earth would be warmer.

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Pliocene uplift of the northern Tibetan Plateau

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

Causes of mid-Pliocene strengthened summer and weakened winter monsoons over East Asia

Causes of mid-Pliocene strengthened summer and weakened winter monsoons over East Asia

Monitoring Cenozoic climate evolution of northeastern Tibet: stable isotope constraints from the western Qaidam Basin, China

The Late Cenozoic uplift - climate change paradox

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