“…the total length L p , under similar assumption that natural convection boundary layers, or equivalently line plumes that are an outcome of these boundary layers, carry most of the heat from the plate to the bulk. The plume lengths per unit area L p /A ∼ 1/Z w for any given fluid; a similar Ra 1/3 dependence were also observed by Bosbach et al (2012), eventhough they interpreted it differently. This result also implied that L p H/A ∼ N u, the Nusselt number; N u = Q/(k∆T /H), where Q is the heat flux.…”