Pluripotent Gametogenic Stem Cells of Asexually Reproducing Invertebrates

Isaeva, V. V.

doi:10.5772/23740

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Different groups of animals have evolved a range of strategies for this plasticity. Sponges, Hydra , and planarian flatworms have pluripotent stem cell populations in adults that continuously produce and regenerate germ cells (Holstein, 2023; Isaeva, 2011; Issigonis & Newmark, 2019; Wang et al, 2007). Sea star larvae recover lost germ cells after larval bisection, and as adults, they regenerate gonads during whole‐body regeneration (Inoue et al, 1992; Wessel et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other organisms, germline can be re-established after many cycles of asexual, agametic reproduction (Ghiselin, 1987;Brusca and Brusca, 2003;Sunanaga et al, 2006;Sköld et al, 2009).Different groups of animals have evolved a range of strategies for this plasticity. Sponges, Hydra, and planarian flatworms have pluripotent stem cell populations in the adults that continuously produce and regenerate germ cells (Wang et al, 2007;Isaeva, 2011;Issigonis and Newmark, 2019;Holstein, 2023). Sea star larvae recover lost germ cells after larval bisection, and as adults they regenerate gonads during whole-body regeneration (Inoue et al, 1992;Wessel et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annelids as models of germ cell and gonad regeneration

Özpolat

2023

J Exp Zool Pt B

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Germ cells (reproductive cells and their progenitors) give rise to the next generation in sexually reproducing organisms. The loss or removal of germ cells often leads to sterility in established research organisms such as the fruit fly, nematodes, frog, and mouse. The failure to regenerate germ cells in these organisms reinforced the dogma of germline–soma barrier in which germ cells are set‐aside during embryogenesis and cannot be replaced by somatic cells. However, in stark contrast, many animals including segmented worms (annelids), hydrozoans, planaria, sea stars, sea urchins, and tunicates can regenerate germ cells. Here I review germ cell and gonad regeneration in annelids, a rich history of research that dates back to the early 20th century in this highly regenerative group. Examples include annelids from across the annelid phylogeny, across developmental stages, and reproductive strategies. Adult annelids regenerate germ cells as a part of regeneration, grafting, and asexual reproduction. Annelids can also recover germ cells after ablation of germ cell progenitors in the embryos. I present a framework to investigate cellular sources of germ cell regeneration in annelids, and discuss the literature that supports different possibilities within this framework, where germ–soma separation may or may not be preserved. With contemporary genetic‐lineage tracing and bioinformatics tools, and several genetically enabled annelid models, we are at the brink of answering the big questions that puzzled many for over more than a century.

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