Plutonium isotopes in the surface air at Vinča-Belgrade site in May 1986

Manić-Kudra, S.; Paligorić, D.; Novković, D.; Smiljanić, R.; Milošević, Zoran; Subotić, K.

doi:10.1007/bf02163590

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The 238 Pu/ 239,240 Pu ratios obtained from the heavy fraction (density of 8 g/cm 3 ) of aerosol samples and ''hot'' particles were determined to be 0.46 and 0.48, while the 239,240 Pu/ 137 Cs activity ratio e 2.2 Â 10 À2 and 1.6 Â 10 À2 , respectively. The 239,240 Pu/ 137 Cs activity ratio measured in aerosol samples in Vilnius agrees well with the values obtained in Belgrade-Vinca (1.2 Â 10 À2 e1.9 Â 10 À6 ), Munich (2.5 Â 10 À6 ), Chilton, U.K. (1.7 Â 10 À6 ), Japan (1.7 Â 10 À6 ) and Neuherberg (4.2 Â 10 À6 ) (Manic-Kudra et al, 1995;Rosner et al, 1988Rosner et al, , 1990Hirose and Sugimura, 1990). Although activity concentrations of actinides and caesium in the ground level air in Nurmijarvi (Finland) were found to be slightly lower in comparison with activities measured in Vilnius during the first days of the Chernobyl accident (28 Aprile1 May 1986), the 239,240 Pu/ 137 Cs ratio varied from 2.6 Â 10 À6 to 5.2 Â 10 À4 (Sinkko et al, 1987), while the 241 Am/ 239,240 Pu ratio differed from 0.11 to 0.88.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The ratios of radionuclides measured in different countries do not agree well with the values calculated from the information given in the Soviet Union's report to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA, 1986). The 238 Pu/ 239,240 Pu ratio obtained from deposition collected in Munich was 0.42, those determined in aerosol samples collected in Sweden and Japan ranged from 0.1 to 0.5, and measured in air at Belgrade-Vinca site varied from 0.53 to 0.97 (Manic-Kudra et al, 1995). The 238 Pu/ 239,240 Pu activity ratio in soil samples from the Chernobyl zone differed from 0.4 to 0.7, while in aerosol samples taken over the damaged reactor at the height of 200 m they were found to be 0.55.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the Chernobyl accident resulted in the contamination of particular areas and in the long-term radiological impact on the environment and humans due to resuspension of deposited radionuclides (Rosner et al, 1996;Lee et al, 2002). Measurements of the plutonium activity ratio and concentrations in the Chernobyl release were carried out in many countries (Sinkko et al, 1987;Rosner et al, 1988Rosner et al, , 1990Hirose and Sugimura, 1990;Manic-Kudra et al, 1995). However, there are only a limited number of publications related to the activity concentration of actinides in aerosol samples in 1995e2001 which are close to our studied period (Mietelski et al, 1999;Arnold and Wershofen, 2000;Wershofen et al, 2001;Komosa and Chibowski, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Artificial radionuclides in the atmosphere over Lithuania

Lujaniené¹,

Aninkevičius²,

Lujanas³

2009

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Artificial radionuclides in the atmosphere over Lithuania

Lujaniené¹,

Aninkevičius²,

Lujanas³

2009

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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“…YUGOSLAVIA. The increase in Pu-238/ P239-240 ratios in surface air at the Vinca-Belgrade site for May 1-15, 1986, confirms that Chernobyl was the source (Mani-Kudra et al, 1995). 6.…”

Section: Other Countriesmentioning

confidence: 68%

Chapter III. Consequences of the Chernobyl Catastrophe for the Environment

Yablokov

Nesterenko²,

Nesterenko³

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

138

163

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Plants and mushrooms accumulate the Chernobyl radionuclides at a level that depends upon the soil, the climate, the particular biosphere, the season, spotty radioactive contamination, and the particular species and populations (subspecies, cultivars), etc. Each radionuclide has its own accumulation characteristics (e. g., levels of accumulation for Sr-90 are much higher than for Cs-137, and a thousand times less than that for Ce-144). Coefficients of accumulation and transition ratios vary so much in time and space that it is difficult, if not impossible, to predict the actual levels of Cs-137, Sr-90, Pu-238, Pu-239, Pu-240, and Am-241 at each place and time and for each individual plant or fungus. Chernobyl irradiation has caused structural anomalies and tumorlike changes in many plant species. Unique pathologic complexes are seen in the Chernobyl zone, such as a high percentage of anomalous pollen grains and spores. Chernobyl's irradiation has led to genetic disorders, sometimes continuing for many years, and it appears that it has awakened genes that have been silent over a long evolutionary time.

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“…YUGOSLAVIA. The increase in Pu-238/ P239-240 ratios in surface air at the VincaBelgrade site for May 1-15, 1986, confirms that Chernobyl was the source (Mani-Kudra et al, 1995).…”

Section: Other Countriesmentioning

confidence: 58%

8. Atmospheric, Water, and Soil Contamination after Chernobyl

Yablokov

Nesterenko²,

Nesterenko³

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Air particulate activity over all of the Northern Hemisphere reached its highest levels since the termination of nuclear weapons testing--sometimes up to 1 million times higher than before the Chernobyl contamination. There were essential changes in the ionic, aerosol, and gas structure of the surface air in the heavily contaminated territories, as measured by electroconductivity and air radiolysis. Many years after the catastrophe aerosols from forest fires have dispersed hundreds of kilometers away. The Chernobyl radionuclides concentrate in sediments, water, plants, and animals, sometimes 100,000 times more than the local background level. The consequences of such a shock on aquatic ecosystems is largely unclear. Secondary contamination of freshwater ecosystems occurs as a result of Cs-137 and Sr-90 washout by the high waters of spring. The speed of vertical migration of different radionuclides in floodplains, lowland moors, peat bogs, etc., is about 2-4 cm/year. As a result of this vertical migration of radionuclides in soil, plants with deep root systems absorb them and carry the ones that are buried to the surface again. This transfer is one of the important mechanisms, observed in recent years, that leads to increased doses of internal irradiation among people in the contaminated territories.

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Plutonium isotopes in the surface air at Vinča-Belgrade site in May 1986

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Artificial radionuclides in the atmosphere over Lithuania

Artificial radionuclides in the atmosphere over Lithuania

Chapter III. Consequences of the Chernobyl Catastrophe for the Environment

8. Atmospheric, Water, and Soil Contamination after Chernobyl

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