PM<sub>10</sub>mass concentration and oxidative capacity of moxa smoke

Huang, Jian; Lim, Min Yee; Zhao, Baixiao; Shao, Longyi

doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcv008

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Huang Jian [37, 38] contrasted PM2.5 concentration produced by three different ratios of moxa in simulated moxibustion clinics and found that the oxidative DNA damage induced by individual PM2.5 following moxibustion was lower than that reported in other environments. Similar studies [39, 40] suggested that PM10 and gaseous pollutants might not be as injurious to human health as generally assumed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Lung Function Decline after 24 Weeks of Moxa Smoke Exposure in Rats

Han

Liu

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective Moxibustion is a complementary therapy that has been used for thousands of years. Burning moxa produces smoke and inhalable particulates. Recent research has indicated that smoke inhalation is associated with negative lung effects. This study aimed to evaluate the lung function of rats after moxa smoke exposure at different concentrations. Methods Using a randomised block experiment design, 28 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three moxa smoke groups (opacity) (n=7): low concentration (27.45 mg/m3), medium concentration (168.76 mg/m3), and high concentration (384.67 mg/m3) with a control group. Rats in the moxa smoke groups were exposed in an automatic dynamic exposure device separately with different concentrations for 20 min/d, 6d/week, for 24 weeks. Rats in the control group were exposed in the same space without moxa smoke. Lung function was evaluated by the AniRes 2005 animal pulmonary function analysing system. Statistical Product and Service Solutions 18.0 software was used for data analysis. Results In the study, no deaths were found in any group. There was no difference of forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity percentage (FEV1/FVC%), inspiratory resistance (Ri), and expiratory resistance (Re) among each group after 24 weeks of moxa smoke exposure (P>0.05). Compared with the control group (0.33 ml/cmH20), dynamic compliance (Cdyn) was reduced in the medium (0.29 ml/cmH20) and high (0.25 ml/cmH20) concentration groups (P<0.05); however, Cdyn in the low concentration group (0.29 ml/cmH20) was not significantly affected. Conclusion Moxa smoke exposure at low concentrations did not affect the rat's lung function. Moxa smoke of medium and high concentrations destroyed the lung function represented by decreased Cdyn. However, moxa smoke of low concentrations (27.45 mg/m3) is much higher than the concentration in a regular moxibustion clinic (3.54 mg/m3). Moxa smoke at higher concentrations might destroy the lung function. The safety evaluation of moxa smoke requires further research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Lung Function Decline after 24 Weeks of Moxa Smoke Exposure in Rats

Han

Liu

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Pain is one of the most common symptoms in cancer patients and can be caused by tumors, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, supportive care therapies, and diagnostic procedures (77). Half of breast cancer patients have mild pain and 16% have moderate to severe pain in 1 year after surgery (78). Pain has a psychological effect making patients product anxiety, nervousness, and anger (79).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tai Chi Chuan in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: Tai Chi Chuan(TCC), as a mind-body exercise, may have a positive impact on physical function and psychological well-being in breast cancer patients. The latest systematic review and meta-analysis of TCC for breast cancer was made 4 years ago and some new clinical trials about it were published. We remade a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of TCC in breast cancer patients.Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (via embase.com), CENTRAL, CNKI, COVIP, Wanfang, Chaoxing, CiNii, J-SSTAGE, DBpia, and ThaiJO with no language restrictions from inception to December 31, 2018 (updated on February 16, 2020), for randomized clinical trials comparing TCC with non-exercised therapy in breast cancer patients. The primary outcome was quality of life in patients with breast cancer and data pooled by a randomeffects model. Subgroup analyses were conducted to estimate the effect of different durations of TCC for breast cancer patients. This study was registered in PROSPERO, number CRD 4201810326.Results: Fifteen articles involving a total of 885 breast cancer participants were included in this review. Compared with non-exercised therapy, TCC had a significant effect on quality of life in breast cancer patients (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI 0.15-0.59, p = 0.001), and subgroup analysis found that TCC showed beneficial effect in 12 weeks and 25 weeks (12 weeks: SMD = 0.40, 95% CI 0.19-0.62, p = 0.0003; 25 weeks: SMD = 0.38, 95% CI 0.15-0.62, p = 0.002). Meta-analyses of secondary outcomes showed that 3 weeks TCC increased shoulder function (SMD = 1.08, 95% CI 0.28-1.87, p = 0.008), 12 weeks TCC improved pain (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI 0.08-0.51, p = 0.007), shoulder function (SMD = 1.34, 95% CI 0.43-2.25, p = 0.004), strength of arm (SMD = 0.44, 95% CI 0.20-0.68, p = 0.0004), and anxiety (MD = −4.90, 95% CI −7.83 to −1.98, p = 0.001) in breast cancer patients compared with the control group.Conclusions: TCC appears to be effective on some physical and psychological symptoms and improves the quality of life in patients with breast cancer. Additional randomized controlled trials with a rigorous methodology and low risk of bias are needed to provide more reliable evidence.

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“…(Huang et al, 2015) The purpose of this study was to systemically study the concentration of gaseous pollutants in EMS released from burning different types of moxa floss. The pollutants determined were carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission Characteristics and Concentrations of Gaseous Pollutants in Environmental Moxa Smoke

Huang

Lim

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The burning of moxa floss in moxibustion constitutes a major anthropogenic source of many gaseous pollutants, which has been associated with many different negative environmental health effects. The aim of the present study is to systemically study the concentration of gaseous pollutants emitted from different types of moxa floss combustion and present key information in abbreviated tabular form to assist in the assessment of air quality in moxibustion clinics and contribute to the safety evaluation of moxibustion. Sampling was divided into pre-combustion, combustion and postcombustion phases. The pollutants determined were carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) produced by burning three types of moxa floss samples. The average post-combustion concentrations for CO, CO 2 and NO 2 in moxibustion clinics were 9.333 ppm, 0.138% and 10.556 μg m -3 , respectively. SO 2 was below detectable limit. NO 2 concentration decreased during post-combustion, possibly as a result of reactions from moxa floss combustion. The levels of target gaseous pollutants from 4 g of moxa floss combustion were not produced in quantities that exceeded present international air quality standards and occupational exposure limits. Data from our study is important for the recognition and control of occupational and non-occupational gaseous exposure and for the assessment of air quality in moxibustion clinics by professional authorities.

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PM₁₀mass concentration and oxidative capacity of moxa smoke

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Lung Function Decline after 24 Weeks of Moxa Smoke Exposure in Rats

Lung Function Decline after 24 Weeks of Moxa Smoke Exposure in Rats

Effect of Tai Chi Chuan in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Emission Characteristics and Concentrations of Gaseous Pollutants in Environmental Moxa Smoke

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PM10mass concentration and oxidative capacity of moxa smoke

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Lung Function Decline after 24 Weeks of Moxa Smoke Exposure in Rats

Lung Function Decline after 24 Weeks of Moxa Smoke Exposure in Rats

Effect of Tai Chi Chuan in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Emission Characteristics and Concentrations of Gaseous Pollutants in Environmental Moxa Smoke

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PM₁₀mass concentration and oxidative capacity of moxa smoke