pneumatic Muscle Actuators for Humanoid applications - Sensor and Valve Integration

Empirical modeling of dynamic behaviors of pneumatic artificial muscle actuators

“…It was then reengineered up to powerful version for painting applications, some complicated tools to assist disabled individuals and service robotics. Nowadays, there is more and more attention to effective usages of the PAM actuators in the fields of humanoid robotics and biomechanics because these are the systems that have performance characteristics similar to and stronger than that of natural muscles [3][4][5]. Also, these flexible actuators can be used as a replacement for highly rigid and heavy actuators of industrial machines.…”

Investigating the Effect of a Mechanism Combined with a Speed-Increasing Gear and a Pneumatic Artificial Muscle

“…Figure 11a shows the relationship between the displacement x of the tip of the bar and static load L d . k was calculated using the relationship in Figure 11a, Equation (6), and the least-squares method, as shown in Figure 11b.…”

“…Elements and actuators that are used in the devices have a profound effect on the compliance and lightness of the whole device. These include springs, pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], magnetorheological (MR) dampers [12][13][14], shape memory alloys (SMAs) [15][16][17], soft pneumatic actuators (SPAs) [18], and dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) [19]. Research and development of these components and devices that employ them are widely conducted.…”