Pneumocephalus Following Combined Spinal Epidural Anaesthesia for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report

Yw, Chew; Vk, Suppan; Ashutosh, .; Mm, Tew; Jh, Jimmy-Tan

doi:10.5704/moj.1711.001

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In this patient, pneumocephalus developed after an epidural injection. Previous case reports have described pneumocephalus after epidural injection, and it was presumed that the dura mater was damaged during the procedure [10]. The loss-of-resistance to air technique is commonly used to confirm entry into the epidural space, which is considered the source of air entry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen supplementation via high-flow nasal cannula is an effective treatment for pneumocephalus

et al. 2019

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Pneumocephalus is defined as the presence of air or gas in the intracranial cavity [1]. Although, pneumocephalus commonly occurs after trauma, it can also be associated with other conditions including neurosurgical procedures, infection, neoplasm, barotrauma, and spinal and epidural anesthesia [1]. Treatment of pneumocephalus is controversial; however, supplementation with high concentrations of oxygen can promote the absorption Background: Oxygen supplementation through a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a powerful technique that promotes the absorption of air by delivering high concentrations of oxygen to patients who are not intubated, and may be a viable treatment option for pneumocephalus. Case Report: A 75-year-old female presented in a stuporous state. She had received an epidural injection due to back pain 2 hours ago. Non-contrast brain computed tomography revealed a pneumocephalus at the interhemispheric fissure and the prepontine cistern. HFNC oxygen therapy at 60 L/min with a fraction of inspired oxygen of 1 was started. By the next morning, her mental status had recovered and a repeat brain computed tomography 15 hours later revealed complete absorption of the pneumocephalus. Conclusion: Supplemental high oxygen via HFNC can be successfully used in patients with pneumocephalus who are not intubated and mechanically ventilated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen supplementation via high-flow nasal cannula is an effective treatment for pneumocephalus

et al. 2019

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“…[46][47][48][49][50][51] Many studies have shown that the high specific surface area of the inner fiber can provide more opportunities for cells to communicate with the surrounding environment and promote cell adhesion and proliferation. [52][53][54][55] The addition of growth factors can improve the affinity of the inner fibers to cells, thereby improving the repair efficiency. [55] Therefore, we designed fibers with a special T-shaped section using a mixture of chitosan and hBMSC-dECM, and placed it in the center of the nerve scaffold, to guide the topography of axon regeneration and further realize structural bionics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Repairing Peripheral Nerve Defects with Novel Bionic Tissue Engineering

Zhang

et al. 2023

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Peripheral nerve defects are a worldwide problem, and autologous nerve transplantation is currently the gold‐standard treatment for them. Tissue‐engineered nerve (TEN) grafts are widely considered promising methods for the same, and have attracted much attention. To improve repair, the incorporation of bionics into TEN grafts has become a focus of research. In this study, a novel bionic TEN graft with a biomimetic structure and composition is designed. For this purpose, a chitin helical scaffold is fabricated by means of mold casting and acetylation using chitosan as the raw material, following which a fibrous membrane is electrospun on the outer layer of the chitin scaffold. The lumen of the structure is filled with human bone mesenchymal stem cell‐derived extracellular matrix and fibers to provide nutrition and topographic guidance, respectively. The prepared TEN graft is then transplanted to bridge 10 mm sciatic nerve defects in rats. Morphological and functional examination shows that the repair effects of the TEN grafts and autografts are similar. The bionic TEN graft described in this study shows great potential for application and offers a new way to repair clinical peripheral nerve defects.

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“…(1) The most common and effective design strategy is to extend the p-conjugation length of organic molecules. However, this method is readily limited by the ''nonlinear-transmittance paradox'', [12][13][14] which means that when the conjugation length increases, the maximum absorption wavelength of the molecule will also red-shift, leading to a narrowed light transmission window for the materials. 15 (2) The second strategy entails modifying the two terminals of the D-p-A chromophore, primarily by replacing them with stronger electron push or pull groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear properties of benzothiadiazole-based intramolecular charge-transfer compounds

Zhu

Chen

et al. 2023

New J. Chem.

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Pneumocephalus Following Combined Spinal Epidural Anaesthesia for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Oxygen supplementation via high-flow nasal cannula is an effective treatment for pneumocephalus

Oxygen supplementation via high-flow nasal cannula is an effective treatment for pneumocephalus

Experimental Study on Repairing Peripheral Nerve Defects with Novel Bionic Tissue Engineering

Nonlinear properties of benzothiadiazole-based intramolecular charge-transfer compounds

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