Pneumomediastinum in an HIV-infected patient with cytomegalovirus pneumonitis

Abstract

A pneumomediastinum is an unusual complication of respiratory infections in HIV-positive patients, usually reported in association with pneumocystis pneumonia. We describe a case of an HIV-positive patient with a pneumomediastinum who had cytomegalovirus pneumonitis. This is an important reminder to clinicians, since cytomegalovirus pneumonitis and pneumocystis pneumonia have a similar clinical and radiological presentation.

Pneumomediastinum in patients with AIDS: a case report and literature review

“…A retrospective analysis of 11 published cases, including our case, was conducted (Table 1). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The mean age of patients was 33 years, and 82% were males. According to the available data, the mean CD4 count was 22.8 cells/ml.…”