Pneumonia and Lung Abscess

Carden, Donna L.; Gibb, Kenneth A.

doi:10.1016/s0733-8627(20)30793-8

Cited by 15 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 105 publications

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“…Exudative pneumonia is a nonclassical medical term used to describe inflammation of the lungs characterized by a large inflammatory exudation of the alveoli and bronchi [ 1 – 3 ]. EP is the basis for the pathological development of many lung diseases, which play a key role in the disease course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [ 4 ] and acute respiratory distress syndrome [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gandan Oral Liquid Improves Exudative Pneumonia by Upregulating Bacteria Clearance via Regulating AQP5 and MUC5AC in Rats

Wang

Yan

Wang

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Gandan oral liquid (GOL) is a mixture of crude extracts from licorice and Radix isatidis. Clinically, it has been widely used in the treatment of exudative pneumonia (EP) in animals. But the molecular mechanism of these effects is unclear. Therefore, antibacterial activity and therapeutic effect were tested in vitro and in vivo. Exudative pneumonia was established with the intraperitoneal injection of LPS, followed by continuous intranasal inoculation of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP). After that, Gandan oral liquid, acetylcysteine, and levofloxacin were given through the intragastric route for five days, and clinical symptoms were observed and counted. The bacterial content of alveolar lavage fluid was determined, hematology analysis was performed, and lung histology examination was performed. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression levels of AQP3, AQP5, and MUC5AC in lung tissues. ELISA kit was used to detect serum and BALF cytokines levels. The results showed that GOL (242 mg/mL) had no antibacterial activity on Klebsiella pneumonia (KP), and the effect was significantly worse than levofloxacin. However, the therapeutic test in vivo of the rat model of bacterial EP showed different results. After treatment, GOL administration ameliorated EP and increased the expression of mucoprotein -5AC (MUC5AC), and GOL promoted water secretion of the respiratory tract by increasing the expression of aquaporin-5 (AQP5) and decreasing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). Conclusion. GOL accelerates the water secretion of respiratory tract, inhibits the inflammatory response, induces removal of bacteria of respiratory tract via the AQPs/MUC pathway, and ultimately ameliorates EP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gandan Oral Liquid Improves Exudative Pneumonia by Upregulating Bacteria Clearance via Regulating AQP5 and MUC5AC in Rats

Wang

Yan

Wang

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The Use and Misuse of New Antibiotics

Joshi

Milfred²

1995

Arch Intern Med

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Many new antimicrobial agents have become available recently. Several of the new antibiotics may offer an extended spectrum of activity or an improved toxic effect profile. However, they pose such problems as excessive cost and the emergence of drug-resistant organisms as a result of "selection pressure." The majority of common infections can be treated with conventional agents, either singly or in combination. A careful, bedside clinical evaluation, in conjunction with simple laboratory tests, often narrows down microbiologic possibilities and allows simpler antibiotic choices. This results in a cost-conscious approach of using conventional, inexpensive antibiotics in most situations, with new agents being reserved for judiciously selected indications. Such an approach will not only contain health care costs but will also help to preserve the microbiologic ecosystem.

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