PNL2, a New Monoclonal Antibody Directed against a Fixative-Resistant Melanocyte Antigen

Rochaix, Philippe; Lacroix-Triki, Magali; Lamant, Laurence; Pichereaux, Carole; Valmary, Séverine; Puente, Elena; Saati, Talal Al; Monsarrat, Bernard; Susini, Christiane; Buscail, L; Delsol, Georges; Voigt, Jean‐Jacques

doi:10.1097/01.mp.0000067686.34489.50

Cited by 49 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…6,13,15 PNL2 is a mAb that has recently been introduced as a reagent for immunohistochemical identification of human melanocytes in formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded tissues. 16 Although the discovery of PNL2 as a marker of melanoma cells was fortuitous and the exact role of the PNL2 protein is still unknown, its value in the diagnosis of human and albino rat melanomas has been confirmed by multiple studies. 3,8,10,11 To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study reporting the use of PNL2 to detect canine melanocytic antigens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human neutrophils, obtained from healthy donors and previously reported to specifically react with PNL2, 16 as well as samples of human melanoma, were used as positive controls.…”

Section: Western Blot Validation Of Pnl2 Antibody Against Dog Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Originally created to detect a subtype of human somatostatin, a few recent studies 8,10,11,16 have shown that PNL2 reacts with normal and neoplastic human and murine melanocytes in both benign and malignant lesions. Although the protein target of PNL2 remains to be identified, the results from these different studies suggest PNL2 is a very useful marker for the immunohistochemical diagnosis of melanocytic lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunohistochemical Investigation of PNL2 Reactivity of Canine Melanocytic Neoplasms and Comparison with Melan A

et al. 2010

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Abstract. PNL2 is a recently generated monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes normal and neoplastic melanocytes. Although the antigen recognized by PNL2 remains unknown, recent studies of human and mouse melanomas have confirmed its usefulness as a diagnostic marker. In the current study, the immunoreactivity of PNL2 in canine melanomas was tested and compared with Melan A (A103). Validation of PNL2 was performed by Western blot analysis. PNL2 and Melan A immunoreactivity were tested on frozen samples of canine melanomas and on 69 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded melanocytic neoplasms. Normal canine tissues and nonmelanocytic neoplasms were included as negative controls. Western blot confirmed the presence of a protein recognized by the PNL2 antibody in canine melanomas. Immunohistochemically, PNL2 stained the melanocytic neoplastic cells with an intracytoplasmic, granular pattern. Among the melanocytic neoplasms tested, 62% stained positively with PNL2 and 59% with Melan A; 50.7% stained positively with both mAbs. The overall percentage of neoplasms that stained positively with at least 1 of these 2 antibodies was 68%. The extent of staining (i.e., the percentage of cells stained per specimen) was greater with PNL2 than with Melan A. With both mAbs, staining was most intense and diffuse in the epithelioid cell phenotype. Neither nonspecific staining nor staining in cells other than melanocytes was detected with either mAb. In contrast to human granulocytes, canine granulocytes were negative by both Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. PNL2 mAb proved to be highly specific for the identification of formalinfixed canine melanocytic neoplasms and should be a valuable diagnostic reagent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human neutrophils, obtained from healthy donors and previously reported to specifically react with PNL2, 16 as well as samples of human melanoma, were used as positive controls.…”

Section: Western Blot Validation Of Pnl2 Antibody Against Dog Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunohistochemical Investigation of PNL2 Reactivity of Canine Melanocytic Neoplasms and Comparison with Melan A

et al. 2010

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“…[118][119][120][121][122][123] MUM1 (multiple myeloma 1), a known hematolymphoid marker, shows positive immunostaining in nevi; in more than 90% of primary melanomas, with the exception of DM; and in 80% of metastatic melanomas. 124,125 To date, none of these have shown any significant benefit over those previously discussed.…”

Section: Melanocytic Neoplasmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemistry in Dermatopathology

Ferringer

2015

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Immunohistochemistry is not a diagnostic test but a highly valuable tool that requires interpretation within a context.Objective.-To review the current status and limitations of immunohistochemistry in dermatopathology.Data Sources.-English-language literature published between 1980 and 2014.Conclusions.-Although immunohistochemistry is rarely completely specific or sensitive, it is an important adjunctive technique in dermatopathology and can be helpful in a series of diagnostic dilemmas.

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“…6,31,36,47 More recently, PNL2, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a fixative resistant melanocytic antigen, was shown to be a sensitive and specific marker of melanocytes and most melanoma cells in other animal species and humans. 1,9,16,27,35,[43][44][45]48 In present study, immunohistochemistry for melan A and PNL2, which have not been tested on porcine tissue before, and to the macrophage markers ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT), and lysozyme was performed to differentiate and characterize the cells in porcine melanocytic cutaneous lesions and lymph nodes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Porcine Melanotic Cutaneous Lesions and Lymph Nodes

et al. 2014

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Porcine melanomas have proven interesting in a wider biological perspective due to a common phenomenon of spontaneous regression, which is characterized by infiltration of macrophages, among others. Separation of neoplastic melanocytes from pigment-laden macrophages may, however, be challenging as the morphology of melanocytes varies considerably and sometimes resembles macrophages. The aim of this study was correspondingly to characterize and differentiate the cells in 20 porcine melanocytomas and regional lymph nodes by histologic examination and immunohistochemistry for melan A, PNL2, S100, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1). Grossly, the melanocytomas were divided into 2 distinct types: pigmented maculae (n ¼ 7) and raised tumors (n ¼ 13). In the maculae, the pigmented cells were mainly melanocytes reactive for melan A, PNL2 and S100. In contrast, the majority of the cells in the raised tumors were melanophages, which expressed Iba1, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and lysozyme. Yet, cells histomorphologically indistinguishable from the melanophages expressed melan A and PNL2. These cells were Iba1 and S100 negative, and ultrastructurally, they were devoid of lysosomal bodies and filled with stage III and IV melanosomes. In the regional lymph nodes, melanocytes were present in the trabecular sinuses. In focally or diffusely black lymph nodes, pigmentation was, however, mainly due to aggregates of melanophages, which were confined to the trabeculae, deep cortex, and peripheral lymphoreticular tissue. Normal and neoplastic porcine melanocytes express melan A and PNL2, and immunohistochemical staining for melan A, PNL2, and Iba1 was found useful to identify and distinguish melanocytes and melanophages in porcine melanotic lesions. Keywords Iba1, immunohistochemistry, macrophage, melan A, melanoma, neoplasms, pig diseases, PNL2Melanocytic tumors in pigs are interesting, as they have several features in common with melanomas in humans. Most studies on porcine melanocytic tumors have been performed on the breeds Sinclair and melanoblastoma-bearing Libechov Minipig. These breeds have been proposed as useful human melanoma models because (1) they show a high incidence of spontaneous malignant melanoma, (2) spontaneous regression of benign and malignant melanomas is common, and (3) metastases with a similar distribution to what is seen in humans are frequent. 10,21,32,37,38,50 Furthermore, the histopathologic features of malignant melanoma in pigs are similar to the superficial spreading and nodular variants of cutaneous melanoma in humans. 10,37,50 The enzymes tyrosinase, a-mannosidase, and g-glutamyltransferase, which are involved in differentiation and spread of melanoma cells in humans, have also been demonstrated in melanoblastomabearing Libechov Minipig, and the activity of tyrosinase was considerably reduced in regressing melanomas. 5In slaughter pigs, melanocytic tumors mainly occur in the Duroc and Duroc crossbreeds. 12,24,25,30,40,46,49 The majority of melanocy...

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PNL2, a New Monoclonal Antibody Directed against a Fixative-Resistant Melanocyte Antigen

Cited by 49 publications

References 34 publications

Immunohistochemical Investigation of PNL2 Reactivity of Canine Melanocytic Neoplasms and Comparison with Melan A

Immunohistochemical Investigation of PNL2 Reactivity of Canine Melanocytic Neoplasms and Comparison with Melan A

Immunohistochemistry in Dermatopathology

Porcine Melanotic Cutaneous Lesions and Lymph Nodes

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