Pochodzalla<i>et al.</i>Reply:

Pochodzalla, J.; Möhlenkamp, T.; Rubehn, Th.; Schüttauf, A.; Wörner, Antje; Zude, E.; Begemann-Blaich, M.; Blaich, Th.; Emling, H.; Ferrero, A.; Gross, C. J.; Immé, G.; Iori, I.; Kunde, G. J.; Kunze, Wolfgang; Lindenstruth, V.; Lynen, U.; Moroni, A.; Müller, W. F. J.; Ocker, B.; Raciti, G.; Sann, H.; Schwarz, C.; Seidel, W.; Serfling, V.; Stroth, J.; Trautmann, W.; Trzciński, A.; Tucholski, A.; Verde, G.; Zwiȩgliński, B.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.76.2823

Cited by 21 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…With this assumption the magnitude of the kinetic temperature T = 2/3 · 1/2 · E kin assumes a value of approximately 15 MeV. This exceeds considerably the emission temperatures T ≈ 5 MeV derived from the relative isotopic abundances [17] or from relative yields of particle unbound states [27] which represents a well known but up to now not fully resolved problem [28][29][30][31]. Quantitatively, these values of the kinetic and the emission temperatures are in good agreement with those calculated by Bauer [31] who assumes that the higher kinetic temperatures reflect the additional Fermi momenta of the constituent nucleons of a fragment [32].…”

Section: Decay Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…3. The insert shows the distribution of these fragments, [17,21]. The experiment at 400 MeV per nucleon was performed with the Miniball/Miniwall [22] installed around the target.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identification spectrum for the TOF-wall detectors was obtained by projecting along the ridges of constant Z in two-dimensional maps of the measured pulse these experiments, was to provide the tracking information for other analyses that involved the fragment momenta. The dynamic range for tracking had been extended down to Z = 2 by using gas amplification over part of the length of the detector which permitted the measurement of isotopic yield ratios of light fragments [17]. The high charge resolution of the TP-MUSIC was essential for the analysis of fission decays in experiments with the uranium beams [18][19][20].…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlation of energy transfer and Z bound opens the possibility to experimentally control the former quantity by selecting on the latter [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pursuit of this challenging problem (see, e.g. [15][16][17] and references given therein) will profit from the study of equilibrated systems that may be characterized by a few global variables such as mass, excitation energy, and temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Universality of spectator fragmentation at relativistic bombarding energies

et al. 1996

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Multi-fragment decays of 129 Xe, 197 Au, and 238 U projectiles in collisions with Be, C, Al, Cu, In, Au, and U targets at energies between E/A = 400 MeV and 1000 MeV have been studied with the ALADIN forward-spectrometer at SIS. By adding an array of 84 SiCsI(Tl) telescopes the solid-angle coverage of the setup was extended to θ lab = 16 • . This permitted the complete detection of fragments from the projectile-spectator source.The dominant feature of the systematic set of data is the Z bound universality that is obeyed by the fragment multiplicities and correlations. These observables are invariant with respect to the entrance channel if plotted as a function of Z bound , where Z bound is the sum of the atomic numbers Z i of all projectile fragments with Z i ≥ 2. No significant dependence on the bombarding energy nor on the target mass is observed. The dependence of the fragment multiplicity on the projectile mass follows a linear scaling law.The reasons for and the limits of the observed universality of spectator fragmentation are explored within the realm of the available data and with model studies. It is found that the universal properties should persist up to much higher bombarding energies than explored in this work and that they are consistent with universal features exhibited by the intranuclear cascade and statistical multifragmentation models.

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Section: Decay Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…3. The insert shows the distribution of these fragments, [17,21]. The experiment at 400 MeV per nucleon was performed with the Miniball/Miniwall [22] installed around the target.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlation of energy transfer and Z bound opens the possibility to experimentally control the former quantity by selecting on the latter [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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