Poincaré-sphere representation of phase-mostly twisted nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulators

Durán, Vicente; Clemente, Pere; Martínez-León, Lluís; Climent, Vicent; Láncis, Jesús

doi:10.1088/1464-4258/11/8/085403

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, a few studies point out that the state of polarization (SOP) of an input light beam can vary after interacting with an SLM [14,22]. This modulated SOP can alter the polarization response of the SLM [6,14,23]. It is observed that the earlier reported techniques on Jones matrix determination of the SLM require four-shot imaging, i.e., four different sets of measurements [8,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Jones–Stokes Polarimetry and Its Decomposition into Associated Anisotropic Characteristics of Spatial Light Modulator

Tiwari

Bisht

2022

Photonics

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Jones–Stokes polarimetry is a robust in vitro polarimetric technique that can be used to investigate the anisotropic properties of a birefringent medium. The study of spatially resolved Jones matrix components of an object is a heuristic approach to extract its phase and polarization information. However, direct interpretation of Jones matrix elements and their decomposition into associated anisotropic properties of a sample is still a challenging research problem that needs to be investigated. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate combined Jones–Stokes polarimetry to investigate the amplitude, phase, and polarization modulation characteristics of a twisted nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator (TNLC-SLM). The anisotropic response of the SLM is calibrated for its entire grayscale range. We determine the inevitable anisotropic properties viz., diattenuation, retardance, isotropic absorption, birefringence, and dichroism, which are retrieved from the measured Jones matrices of the SLM using Jones polar decomposition and a novel algebraic approach for Jones matrix decomposition. The results of this study provide a complete polarimetric calibration of the SLM within the framework of its anisotropic characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Jones–Stokes Polarimetry and Its Decomposition into Associated Anisotropic Characteristics of Spatial Light Modulator

Tiwari

Bisht

2022

Photonics

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“…In order to characterize intensity-based polarization characterization of a sample, several techniques are available, that is, Mueller matrix imaging (MMI) [19,20], Stokes polarimetry [21], and Poincare sphere [22,23]. Mueller matrix imaging (MMI) is the most commonly used polarimetric technique in order to characterize the full polarimetric characteristics of a depolarizing medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially Addressable Polarimetric Calibration of Reflective-Type Spatial Light Modulator Using Mueller–Stokes Polarimetry

2021

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Mueller–Stokes polarimetry is emerging as a prominent noninvasive imaging technique to study the structural characteristics of an anisotropic medium. Spatial light modulator (SLM) is a programmable liquid crystal device (LCD), which is used to modulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. The compact design and cumbrous manufacturing process of SLM requires its polarimetric calibration prior to its utilization for various applications. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate Mueller–Stokes imaging of a reflective-type SLM (Holoeye, LCR-720) to calibrate its polarization modulation characteristics with respect to its dynamic gray value range (0–255) at different spatial locations of SLM screen. Mueller matrices at 18 different gray values of SLM at an interval of 15, that is, at gray values 0, 15, 30, up to 255 have been experimentally measured using an improvised Mueller matrix imaging polarimeter (MMIP). Crucial polarimetric characteristics, that is, diattenuation, polarizance, state of polarization (SOP), depolarization, and retardance have been estimated with respect to the gray value range of SLM. Significant polarization modulation characteristics [diattenuation (0.08–0.3), polarizance (0.02–0.2), and retardance (0 to π)] have been determined for the SLM. These results indicate that the SLM exhibits spatially variable depolarizing nature and hence it is not perfectly homogeneous in structure. Therefore, it is expected that the outcomes of this study would be helpful for exploring the applicability of Mueller–Stokes polarimetry in advancement of LC technology.

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“…The Poincare sphere can represent any possible polarization state or Stokes vector. Poincare sphere has been successfully utilized in polarization metrology , representation of phase by twisted nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulators , analysis of fiber polarization mode dispersion , DOP surfaces and maps for analysis of depolarization , evolution of linear and circular polarization in scattering environments , hybrid elliptically polarized vector fields and hybrid polarized vector beams , representation for spatially varying birefringence , and representation of the fixed polarizer rotating retarder optical system. Additionally, detection and diagnosis of chronic disease has also been performed successfully by projecting different polarization states of light on Poincare sphere .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of retardance, diattenuation and polarizance vector on Poincare sphere for diagnosis and classification of cervical precancer

Zaffar

Pradhan

2020

Journal of Biophotonics

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The mapping of diattenuation, polarizance and retardance vector (normalized Stokes vector) on Poincare sphere, evaluated from Mueller matrix of optically anisotropic stromal region of cervical tissues, is presented for cervical precancer detection and its staging. This reveals that the changes in the polarization states shown by these normalized Stokes vectors corresponds to the degradation of linearly arranged collagen fibers, breakage of the collagen cross links in the stromal region and change in the density of scattering sites when cervical cancer evolves. The distinct nature of real and imaginary parts of the refractive index for linear, linear-45 and circular polarization from the optically anisotropic stromal region underscore the various polarization structures of the connective tissue region which get modified during the pathological changes. It has been found that versatility of these vectors for normal and precancerous cervical tissue of various grades may be utilized as a key distinction for qualitative staging of cervical precancer tissue. Quantitative classification of precancerous stages of cervical precancer has been determined with 95%-100% sensitivity and 93%-100% specificity through the evaluation of linear and circular diattenuation, linear polarizance and linear birefringence from the components of the respective vectors. K E Y W O R D S cervical cancer, diattenuation vector, Mueller matrix, Poincare sphere, polarizance vector, retardance vector, stromal region

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Poincaré-sphere representation of phase-mostly twisted nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulators

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Combined Jones–Stokes Polarimetry and Its Decomposition into Associated Anisotropic Characteristics of Spatial Light Modulator

Combined Jones–Stokes Polarimetry and Its Decomposition into Associated Anisotropic Characteristics of Spatial Light Modulator

Spatially Addressable Polarimetric Calibration of Reflective-Type Spatial Light Modulator Using Mueller–Stokes Polarimetry

Mapping of retardance, diattenuation and polarizance vector on Poincare sphere for diagnosis and classification of cervical precancer

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