Point-bonded polymer nonwovens and their rupture in stretching

Zhang, Wenshuo; Staszel, Christopher; Yarin, Alexander L.; Shim, Eunkyoung; Pourdeyhimi, Behnam

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.024

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Moreover, the current method appears to be slightly more accurate than DSC in the case of PBT, because of the thermal expansion of the specimen in the DSC capsule, volatile release, and an accompanying uncontrollable pressure rise. The observed dependence of melting temperature on pressure in PBT, PET, and PP nonwovens has significant consequences for many industrially important technologies based on their processing 19,30 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal bonding process and the selection of the thermal bonding temperature would not influence future experimental results. The thermal bonding setup used in the current work was described elsewhere 19 . The rectangular thermal punch, which had length of 50.8 mm and width of 24.5 mm, was used for thermal bonding in the current work.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymer melting temperatures and crystallinity at different pressure applied

Chen

Zhang

Yarin

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The present work aims at the experimental investigation of the effect of an increased thermal bonding pressure on the melting point (the so‐called Clapeyron effect) of three polymers employed in nonwovens. Namely, this work quantifies the dependence of melting temperature on pressure in these polymers. The following three polymers were used in the present experiments: polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polypropylene (PP) (all three already received in the form of nonwovens). A simple novel method of measurements of melting points of such polymers under different pressures was proposed and developed. The results revealed: (i) the melting point of PBT nonwovens increased by about 12°C when the applied pressure was increased up to 277.79 atm; (ii) the melting point of the PET nonwovens increased by about 7°C when the applied pressure increased up to 104.86 atm; (iii) the melting point of PP nonwovens increased by about 6°C when the applied pressure was increased up to 104.86 atm. The melting temperature measurements by the present method were also validated through differential scanning calorimetry measurements with the above‐mentioned three polymers without applied pressure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer melting temperatures and crystallinity at different pressure applied

Chen

Zhang

Yarin

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In principle, another approach based on the complexization of the planar Stokes equations of creeping flows promises analytical solutions of fully nonlinear problems; albeit, some form of linearization could still be very handy when dealing with the electric-field-related effects. Historically, this approach originated in the theory of elasticity, contact problems, and fracture mechanics, which effectively employed the general solution of the biharmonic equation for the Airy stress function in the form of the Goursat formula with the complex elastic potentials. − More recently, this approach was used in the 2D Stokesian fluid mechanics, because the 2D flows in 2D drops and around 2D bubbles can be reduced to the biharmonic equation for the stream function as, for example, in refs − .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Shape of Two-Dimensional Stokesian Drops under the Action of Surface Tension and Electric Field: Linear and Nonlinear Theory and Experiment

Granda

Plog

et al. 2021

Langmuir

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The creeping-flow theory describing evolution and steady-state shape of two-dimensional ionic-conductor drops under the action of surface tension and the subcritical (in terms of the electric Bond number) electric field imposed in the substrate plane is developed. On the other hand, the experimental data are acquired for drops impacted or softly deposited on dielectric surfaces of different wettability and subjected to an in-plane subcritical electric field. Even though the experimental situation involves viscous friction of drops with the substrates and wettability-driven motion of the contact line, the comparison to the theory reveals that it can accurately describe the steady-state drop shape on a non-wettable substrate. In the latter case, the drop is sufficiently raised above the substrate, which diminishes the three-dimensional effects, making the two-dimensional description (lacking the no-slip condition at the substrate and wettability-driven motion of the contact line) relevant. Accordingly, it is demonstrated how the subcritical electric field deforms the initially circular drops until an elongated steady-state configuration is reached. In particular, the surface tension tends to round off the non-circular drops stretched by the electric Maxwell stresses imposed by the electrodes. A more pronounced substrate wettability leads to more elongated steady-state configurations observed experimentally than those predicted by the two-dimensional theory. The latter cases reveal significant three-dimensional effects in the electrically driven drop stretching. In the supercritical electric fields (corresponding to the supercritical electric Bond numbers), the electrical stretching of drops predicted by the present linearized two-dimensional theory results in splitting into two separate droplets. This scenario is corroborated by the predictions of the fully nonlinear results for similar electrically stretched bubbles in the creeping-flow regime available in the literature as well as by the present experimental results on a substrate with slip.

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“…The cross-layer flow of polymer chains produces shear orientation, which makes the product anisotropic; when the skin layer is melted and flowed, the surface layer is in contact with the air, and it is easily heated and cooled, therefore, the degree of orientation is the highest; the cell layer has the lowest orientation due to the temperature transfer gradient. This orientation gradient arrangement causes the gradient forming state of the skin layer, that is, the formation of a fold structure [34,35]. Using a fold structure to improve the hydrophilicity has the characteristics of high production efficiency, environmental friendliness, good durability, and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of ES fibres: the controllability of fold structure and its effect on hydrophilicity

Shi

Sun

Ma³

et al. 2021

Surface Engineering

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Ethylene-Propylene Side by Side (ES ) fibre remains an important challenge in hydrophilicity. In this study, we obtained folded nonwoven fabrics (FNF) by the through air-bonding process. The fiber with the fold structure was prepared by regulating the treatment temperature, treatment time, and cooling rate. The results showed that the melting point of the shell layer should be controlled at 135°C. The fold structure was most obvious at 135°C, 2.5 min, and rapid cooling. Compared with the common sample, liquid absorption capacity, thickness, and the diffusion area of the FNF increased by 64%, 0.3 mm, and 41%, respectively, and the rewet decreased by 35%. The contact angle of FNF was 140°, which was 30°larger than that of common nonwovens. Except for the first time, the penetration time for the two other times was better than that of ordinary materials.

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Point-bonded polymer nonwovens and their rupture in stretching

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Polymer melting temperatures and crystallinity at different pressure applied

Polymer melting temperatures and crystallinity at different pressure applied

Evolution and Shape of Two-Dimensional Stokesian Drops under the Action of Surface Tension and Electric Field: Linear and Nonlinear Theory and Experiment

Surface modification of ES fibres: the controllability of fold structure and its effect on hydrophilicity

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