Point Mutations and Antiviral Drug Resistance

Arellano‐Galindo, José; Barrón, Blanca Lilia; Vargas-Infante, Yetlanezi; Santos-Esteban, Enrique; Herrera-Martínez, Emma; Velázquez-Guadarrama, Norma; Reyes‐Terán, Gustavo

doi:10.5772/33866

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…Drug-resistant viral strains has also compromised the effectiveness of treatment, or even lead to its failure. Drug-resistant viruses occurred as a result of mutation at high frequencies of the viral RNA or DNA [76]. Their genotypes could be advantageous in hosts where the drug was present and could become the dominant genotypes in such hosts [77].…”

Section: Drug Treatment Regime In Microbial Infection and The Interaction With Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Host-Microbial Relationship: Immune Response to Microbial Infections with or without Medication

Pappoe¹,

Nuvor²

2021

Antimicrobial Immune Response

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Immune responses of the host to any infectious agents vary in controlling the pathogens. The process begins by the entry of microorganisms into the host to initiate host immune response to understand the type of microorganisms and react accordingly for possible elimination of the organisms. In some cases the host co-exists with the pathogens or unable to effectively deal with them leading to disease condition. Thus, the pathogens establish, multiply and cause disease. The review considered the mode of acquisition of infection, pathogenesis and immune responses to microbial infection. Other areas included the enhancement of immune responses to control infection, immune responses of the host under drug treatment and the control of microbial infection. The understanding of the relationship between infectious microbes and the host immune system leading to protective immunity or disease state will give much information about treatment and controlling of microbial infection in our environment.

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Section: Drug Treatment Regime In Microbial Infection and The Interaction With Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Host-Microbial Relationship: Immune Response to Microbial Infections with or without Medication

Pappoe¹,

Nuvor²

2021

Antimicrobial Immune Response

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“…Viral evolution is stochastic and generates high levels of genetic diversity which may occur through several mechanisms such as mutations, recombination or reassortment resulting in viral variants (Arellano- Galindo et al, 2012). The evolution is however strongly influenced by selective pressures imposed by the environment, which select for variants with the optimal viral fitness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the role of binding free energy, binding affinity and antibody escape in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Young

Lycett

2022

Preprint

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SARS-CoV-2 is considered a pandemic virus and presents a major strain on public health globally. SARS-CoV-2 infects mammalian cells by binding to its receptor, ACE2 which is mediated by the viral spike glycoprotein, specifically the receptor binding domain (RBD) within the spike protein. Recent development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are currently the best strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality from infection. Like all viruses, SARS-CoV-2 evolves which may result in mutations which are benign or alter its viral fitness. The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 may increase the virulence, possibly by increasing the infectivity of the virus through strengthening the binding of the RBD to ACE2 or enabling the virus to evade naturally or vaccine induced immune responses. To address the need to characterise the evolution of SARS-CoV-2, this study has compared SARS-CoV-2 sequences globally to the Wuhan reference strain at different time points. Additionally, by assigning scores to sequence data, which quantify each sequences binding strength to ACE2 and ability to evade patient derived antibodies, we have demonstrated that over time SARS-CoV-2 has evolved in less than one year to increase its ability to evade antibodies and increase the binding free energy between the RBD and ACE2.

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Point Mutations and Antiviral Drug Resistance

Cited by 2 publications

References 152 publications

Host-Microbial Relationship: Immune Response to Microbial Infections with or without Medication

Host-Microbial Relationship: Immune Response to Microbial Infections with or without Medication

Investigating the role of binding free energy, binding affinity and antibody escape in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

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