Point-of-care applications with graphene in human life

Dhinakaran, V.; Vigneswari, K.; Lavanya, M. N.; Shree, M. Varsha

doi:10.1016/bs.coac.2020.08.009

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Electrochemical reactions caused by the chemical or biological interaction between the sensing surface and the analytes are measured by electrochemical sensors. The response is converted to qualitative and quantitative electric signals which can be based on amperometry, potentiometry, and conductometry measurements ( Figure 2 ) [ 40 , 60 ]. They are a well-known group of sensing methods because the techniques and equipment needed are straightforward.…”

Section: Smartphone-based Sensing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Portable examples of multiplexed metabolite analyzers also exist. Figure 4 C shows a monolithic, paper-based device for the simultaneous colorimetric detection of three model salivary biomarkers: glucose up to 0.18 mM, lactate up to 180 μM, and uric acid up to 0.11 mM [ 60 ]. The assay is performed by placing a single drop of saliva in the central zone of the device and exploiting controlled reactions in the microfluidic paper channels, followed by the target-induced reshaping of multibranched gold nanoparticles.…”

Section: Smartphone-based Multiplexed Biosensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smartphone-Based Multiplexed Biosensing Tools for Health Monitoring

et al. 2022

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Many emerging technologies have the potential to improve health care by providing more personalized approaches or early diagnostic methods. In this review, we cover smartphone-based multiplexed sensors as affordable and portable sensing platforms for point-of-care devices. Multiplexing has been gaining attention recently for clinical diagnosis considering certain diseases require analysis of complex biological networks instead of single-marker analysis. Smartphones offer tremendous possibilities for on-site detection analysis due to their portability, high accessibility, fast sample processing, and robust imaging capabilities. Straightforward digital analysis and convenient user interfaces support networked health care systems and individualized health monitoring. Detailed biomarker profiling provides fast and accurate analysis for disease diagnosis for limited sample volume collection. Here, multiplexed smartphone-based assays with optical and electrochemical components are covered. Possible wireless or wired communication actuators and portable and wearable sensing integration for various sensing applications are discussed. The crucial features and the weaknesses of these devices are critically evaluated.

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Section: Smartphone-based Sensing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smartphone-based Multiplexed Biosensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smartphone-Based Multiplexed Biosensing Tools for Health Monitoring

et al. 2022

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“…Real-time nitrogen detection using electrochemical sensors is mainly based on the rapid electrochemical reactive interaction between the sensing electrode surface and nitrogen, followed by conversion of the electrochemical response to qualitative and quantitative electrical signals . Electrochemical sensors are mainly classified into three types including potentiometric, voltammetric, and conductometric methods (Figure ).…”

Section: Soil Sensors For Enabling Responsive Fertilizer Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

At-Field and On-Demand Nitrogenous Fertilizer Synthesis

Butler

Fan

Grewal

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Small-scale fertilizer synthesis enabled by atmospheric-pressure processes such as plasma and electrochemical technologies may be promising to mitigate the environmental and social costs associated with the energy-and carbon-intensive Haber−Bosch (HB) process. Modular nitrogen fixation systems that utilize sustainable inputs have been developed, but gaps remain regarding how these devices may integrate into agricultural practices. In this perspective, we propose a combination of nonthermal plasma−electrolytic nitrogen fixation with electrochemical soil sensors to produce fertilizer-enriched irrigation water on demand. First, we discuss the plasma technologies that could be used in an at-field responsive plasma-activated (ARPA) process. Based on current bench-scale systems, we found that ARPA synthesis could provide sufficient amounts of fixed nitrogen to meet crop demand. Next, we describe electrochemical sensor technologies for monitoring soil nitrogen and consider the barriers to implementing these technologies in fields. Further, we conducted an abbreviated life cycle analysis of the proposed ARPA concept and found potential environmental impact reductions by avoiding HB fertilizer synthesis, storage, and transportation and by reducing reactive nitrogen losses typically associated with largescale overfertilization. Finally, we consider the environmental, social, and economic implications of ARPA technologies for water treatment, fertilizer market impacts, fertilizer accessibility, safety, stakeholder buy-in, and agricultural management.

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“…Conventional optical reporters, such as dyes and pigments, possess sensitivity limitations owing to smaller extinction coefficients, chemical instability at high temperature, toxicity, and lower resolution, limiting their optical performance. Therefore, the development of nanomaterials, such as magnetic nanoparticles [ 34 ], gold nanoparticles [ 35 ], graphene oxide [ 36 ], carbon nanotubes [ 37 ] and conjugated polymers [ 38 ] has been explored for optical assaying to address the limitations of conventional dyes. CPs in particular are reported to be very sensitive for protein/nucleic acid assaying, owing to their complexation capabilities with recognition molecules, such as aptamers, that specially interact with target analytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorimetric Assaying of Exosomal Metabolic Biomarkers

et al. 2023

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Exosomes released into the extracellular matrix have been reported to contain metabolic biomarkers of various diseases. These intraluminal vesicles are typically found in blood, urine, saliva, breast milk, cerebrospinal fluid, semen, amniotic fluid, and ascites. Analysis of exosomal content with specific profiles of DNA, microRNA, proteins, and lipids can mirror their cellular origin and physiological state. Therefore, exosomal cargos may reflect the physiological processes at cellular level and can potentially be used as biomarkers. Herein, we report an optical detection method for assaying exosomal biomarkers that supersedes the state-of-the-art time consuming and laborious assays such as ELISA and NTA. The proposed assay monitors the changes in optical properties of poly(3-(4-methyl-3′-thienyloxy) propyltriethylammonium bromide) upon interacting with aptamers/peptide nucleic acids in the presence or absence of target biomarkers. As a proof of concept, this study demonstrates facile assaying of microRNA, DNA, and advanced glycation end products in exosomes isolated from human plasma with detection levels of ~1.2, 0.04, and 0.35 fM/exosome, respectively. Thus, the obtained results illustrate that the proposed methodology is applicable for rapid and facile detection of generic exosomal biomarkers for facilitating diseases diagnosis.

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Point-of-care applications with graphene in human life

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Smartphone-Based Multiplexed Biosensing Tools for Health Monitoring

Smartphone-Based Multiplexed Biosensing Tools for Health Monitoring

At-Field and On-Demand Nitrogenous Fertilizer Synthesis

Colorimetric Assaying of Exosomal Metabolic Biomarkers

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