Point-of-Care/Chairside aMMP-8 Analytics of Periodontal Diseases’ Activity and Episodic Progression

Abstract

Traditional periodontal disease diagnostics are based mainly on clinical examination and radiographs. They assess only past tissue destruction and provide no information on the current disease status or its future progression. The objective is to find out if an active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) point-of-care (PoC) test could provide a cost-effective way to get around this limitation. This cross-sectional study used 47 adolescents and 70 adults, who were clinically examined and their aMMP-8 PoC tested. The aMMP-8 PoC test results and patients’ treatment need, based on the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN), were compared and analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. In terms of CPITN, the aMMP-8 PoC test gave no false positives for both adolescents and adults. All healthy patients got a negative test result, while a positive test result indicated periodontal treatment need correctly. Finally, there was a significant association between a patient’s aMMP-8 PoC test result and his/her treatment need (p = 0.001 for adolescents, p = 0.001 for adults). In conclusion, more accurate diagnostics of periodontal diseases’ activity and progression using an aMMP-8 PoC test may help to reduce oral health care costs by reducing patient overtreatment, improving patient outcome, and reducing the need for complex periodontal therapy.

Biological response to peri‐implantitis treatment

“…Studies have detected MMP‐8 in saliva and GCF of periodontitis patients and in PICF of PIP patients suggestive that MMP‐8 levels may be useful for diagnostic monitoring of the connective tissue destruction phase of peri‐implant disease. MMP‐8, including targeting its active form, has been reported to represent a valuable target for chairside point‐of‐care testing of oral fluids related to detection of periodontitis, and more recently in PIP; albeit active MMP‐8’s ability to affect treatment decision‐making remains to be fully elucidated and implemented within the global dental profession. Similar to our findings, Wang et al did not observe significant differences in the concentration of MMP‐8 between healthy and PIP individuals, although the literature would support that differences in selection of antibody systems to detect these types of biomolecules can create variation in the levels and outcome measures between health and disease .…”

A point‐of‐care test of active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 predicts triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 (TREM‐1) levels in saliva

“…29,30,45 The same person (AMH) performed all the clinical measurements and the collection of saliva samples. 29,39,40,44,46 AMH was unaware of the aMMP-8 PoC test result when performing each clinical examination. One single blue line on the test device indicated a negative test result, and no risk for active periodontal tissue destruction and periodontitis; while two blue lines indicated a positive test result, and an increased risk for active periodontal tissue destruction and periodontitis.…”

“…One single blue line on the test device indicated a negative test result, and no risk for active periodontal tissue destruction and periodontitis; while two blue lines indicated a positive test result, and an increased risk for active periodontal tissue destruction and periodontitis. 33,[44][45][46]48 The inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV)% was 7.3% (n = 28) and the detection limit was 0.08 g/L for the assays in IFMA. 29,39,40,44,46 AMH was unaware of the aMMP-8 PoC test result when performing each clinical examination.…”

“…22,23 Activated matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) is already known as one of the most validated periodontitis biomarkers. 24,29,30,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Moreover, previously there have been found a moderate positive association/correlation between MMP-8/PGLYRP1 axis and TREM-1 levels among adults, 14 but to the best of authors' knowl-edge, this association hasn't been studied among adolescent subjects before. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] This stage can be measured using a point-of-care (PoC) lateral flow collagenase-2 (aMMP-8) immunotest.…”

“…[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] This stage can be measured using a point-of-care (PoC) lateral flow collagenase-2 (aMMP-8) immunotest. 24,29,30,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Moreover, previously there have been found a moderate positive association/correlation between MMP-8/PGLYRP1 axis and TREM-1 levels among adults, 14 but to the best of authors' knowl-edge, this association hasn't been studied among adolescent subjects before. A non-invasive, quick, easy to use, and inexpensive aMMP-8 PoC test, which is currently available also as a quantitative PoC aMMP-8 test, may be also a potential tool for PoC detection of salivary TREM-1 levels and as such for detection of periodontal and systemic inflammation.…”