Point‐source <i>τ‐p</i> transform: A review and comparison of computational methods

Wang, Yanghua; Houseman, Gregory A.

doi:10.1190/1.1444134

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We employed a limited-aperture tau-p (zero-intercept time [tau] and apparent slowness [p]) transform of the data in order to selectively attenuate this systematic noise in the poststack domain. This process is a way of velocity ("dip") fi ltering (Wang and Houseman, 1997). Following the transformation of the input traces to a selected range of dips (Table 1), each dip trace is weighted by its semblance.…”

Section: Appendix A: Reprocessing Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating seismic reflection and geological data and interpretations across an internal basement massif: The southern Appalachian Pine Mountain window, USA

McBride

Hatcher

Stephenson

et al. 2005

Geol Soc America Bull

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The southern Appalachian Pine Mountain window exposes 1.1 Ga Grenvillian basement and its metasedimentary Paleozoic(?) cover through the allochthonous Inner Piedmont. The issue of whether the crustal block inside the window was either transported above the master Appalachian (late Alleghanian) décollement or is an autochthonous block that was overridden by the décollement has been debated for some time. New detrital zircon geochronologic data from the cover rocks inside the window suggest this crustal block was derived from Gondwana but docked with Laurentia before the Alleghanian event. Reprocessed deep seismic refl ection data from west-central Georgia (pre-and poststack noise reduction, amplitude variation analysis, and prestack depth migration) indicate that a signifi cant band of subhorizontal refl ections occurs almost continuously beneath the window collinear with the originally recognized décollement refl ections north of the window. A marked variation in the décollement image, from strong and coherent north of the window to more diffuse directly beneath the window, is likely a partial consequence of the different geology between the Inner Piedmont and the window. The more diffuse image beneath the window may also result from imaging problems related to changes in topography and fold of cover (i.e., signal-to-noise ratio). Two alternative tectonic models for the Pine Mountain window can partially account for the observed variation in the décollement refl ectivity. (1) The Pine Mountain block could be truncated below by a relatively smooth continuation of the décollement. The window would thus expose an allochthonous basement duplex or horse-block thrust upward from the south along the Late Proterozoic rifted continental margin. (2) The window represents localized exhumation of autochthonous basement and cover along a zone of distributed intrabasement shearing directly beneath the window. Either model is viable if only refl ector geometry is considered; model (1) is favored if both geometry and kinematics of Blue Ridge-Piedmont thrust sheet emplacement are incorporated. In either model, the southern margin of the window merges to the west with the Iapetan early Alleghanian Central Piedmont suture, which juxtaposes North American-affi nity Piedmont rocks to the north and exotic Panafrican rocks of the Carolina (Avalon) terrane to the south. Immediately south of the window, this suture dips southward and merges in the lower crust with the late Alleghanian suture joining the Appalachians with Gondwana.

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Section: Appendix A: Reprocessing Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating seismic reflection and geological data and interpretations across an internal basement massif: The southern Appalachian Pine Mountain window, USA

McBride

Hatcher

Stephenson

et al. 2005

Geol Soc America Bull

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“…In In this field dataset from the two-way travel time 1.3s to 1.6 s, the average P-wave velocity is around 5000 m/s and thus the maximum ray-parameter of 0.10 ms/m is about incident angle of 30 degrees. These three profiles clearly show that the dominant frequency is generally decreasing when the value increases, because of in which, for a given proportional (Wang and Houseman, 1997).…”

Section: Field Data Applicationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Seismic simultaneous inversion using a multidamped subspace method

Liu

Wang

2020

GEOPHYSICS

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Seismic inversion of amplitude variation with offset (AVO) plays a key role in seismic interpretation and reservoir characterization. The AVO inversion should be a simultaneous inversion that inverts for three elastic parameters simultaneously: the P-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, and density. Using only seismic P-wave reflection data with a limited source-receiver offset range, the AVO simultaneous inversion can obtain two elastic parameters reliably, but it is difficult to invert for the third parameter, usually the density term. To address this difficulty in the AVO simultaneous inversion, we used a subspace inversion method in which we partitioned the elastic parameters into different subspaces. We parameterized each single elastic parameter with a truncated Fourier series and inverted for the Fourier coefficients. Because the Fourier coefficients of different wavenumber components have different sensitivities, we grouped the Fourier coefficients of low-, medium-, and high-wavenumber components into different subspaces. We further assigned different damping factors to the Hessian matrix corresponding to different wavenumber components within each subspace. This inversion scheme is referred to as a multidamped subspace method. Synthetic and field seismic data examples confirmed that the AVO simultaneous inversion with this multidamped subspace method is capable of producing reliable estimation of the three elastic parameters simultaneously.

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“…A τ -p transform, slant stack or plane-wave decomposition, applied to a reflection seismogram can be used for many purposes, such as velocity analysis, multiple elimination, filtering of direct and surface waves, etc. (Treitel, Gutowski and Wagner 1982;Gardner and Lu 1990;Wang and Houseman 1997). Plane-wave decomposition of a common-shot gather (such as the seismogram shown in Fig.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic modelling study of a subglacial lake

Carcione¹,

Gei

2003

Geophysical Prospecting

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A B S T R A C TWe characterize the seismic response of Lake Vostok, an Antarctic subglacial lake located at nearly 4 km depth below the ice sheet. This study is relevant for the determination of the location and morphology of subglacial lakes. The characterization requires the design of a methodology based on rock physics and numerical modelling of wave propagation. The methodology involves rock-physics models of the shallow layer (firn), the ice sheet and the lake sediments, numerical simulation of synthetic seismograms, ray tracing, τ -p transforms, and AVA analysis, based on the theoretical reflection coefficients. The modelled reflection seismograms show a set of straight events (refractions through the firn and top-ice layer) and the two reflection events associated with the top and bottom of the lake. Theoretical AVA analysis of these reflections indicates that, at near offsets, the PP-wave anomaly is negative for the ice/water interface and constant for the water/sediment interface. This behaviour is shown by AVA analysis of the synthetic data set. This study shows that subglacial lakes can be identified by using seismic methods. Moreover, the methodology provides a tool for designing suitable seismic surveys.

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Point‐source τ‐p transform: A review and comparison of computational methods

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Integrating seismic reflection and geological data and interpretations across an internal basement massif: The southern Appalachian Pine Mountain window, USA

Integrating seismic reflection and geological data and interpretations across an internal basement massif: The southern Appalachian Pine Mountain window, USA

Seismic simultaneous inversion using a multidamped subspace method

Seismic modelling study of a subglacial lake

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