Polar-code-based information reconciliation scheme with the frozen-bit erasure strategy for quantum key distribution

Tang, Bang-Ying; Wu, Chunqing; Peng, Wei; Bo, Liu; Yu, Wanrong

doi:10.1103/physreva.107.012612

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Numerical calculations show that the proposed method can achieve an error-correction performance that is 10% higher than that of the polar code-based information reconciliation method without fixed bits [7]. This efficiency can be improved further by employing a more sophisticated decoding scheme aided by cyclic redundancy codes [8,12]. The proposed scheme can contribute to the development of long-distance and high-speed CV-QKD systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Error-Control Information Reconciliation Scheme for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Using Fixed-Bit Polar Codes

Yamaura,

Endo,

Okamoto

et al. 2024

IEICE Commun. Express

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A challenging issue in Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is the improvement in error correction efficiency because random number bits are encoded in a quadrature of faint optical pulses. Herein, we propose an error-control information reconciliation method for CV-QKD based on our recently proposed fixed-bit polar code. In the present scheme, unreliable bits are embedded in the prepared "fixed bits," enabling the detection and reproduction of errors in these bits without error correction, effectively improving the error-correction efficiency. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the efficiency of the proposed scheme is 10% higher than that of polar-based reconciliation without fixed bits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Among these, polar codes [5] are gaining considerable attention because they support a higher error-correction performance approaching the Shannon limit at lower computational costs for encoding and decoding. Polar codes have been applied to reconciliation schemes for CV-QKD [6] and other QKD protocols [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error-Control Information Reconciliation Scheme for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Using Fixed-Bit Polar Codes

Yamaura,

Endo,

Okamoto

et al. 2024

IEICE Commun. Express

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The Road to Near-Capacity CV-QKD Reconciliation: An FEC-Agnostic Design

Liu,

Xu,

Noori

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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New near-capacity continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) reconciliation schemes are proposed, where both the authenticated classical channel (ClC) and the quantum channel (QuC) for QKD are protected by separate forward error correction (FEC) coding schemes. More explicitly, all of the syndrome-based QKD reconciliation schemes found in literature rely on syndrome-based codes, such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Hence at the current state-of-the-art the channel codes that cannot use syndrome decoding such as the family of convolutional codes (CCs) and polar codes cannot be directly applied. Moreover, the ClC used for syndrome transmission in these schemes is generally assumed to be idealistically error-free, where the realistic additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh fading of the ClC have not been taken into account. To circumvent this limitation, a new codeword-based -rather than syndrome-based -QKD reconciliation scheme is proposed, where Alice sends an FEC-protected codeword to Bob through a ClC, while Bob sends a separate FEC protected codeword to Alice through a QuC. Upon decoding the codeword received from the other side, the final key is obtained by applying a simple modulo-2 operation to the local codeword and the decoded remote codeword. As a result, first of all, the proposed codeword-based QKD reconciliation system ensures protection of both the QuC and of the ClC. Secondly, the proposed system has a similar complexity at both sides, where both Alice and Bob have an FEC encoder and an FEC decoder. Thirdly, the proposed system makes QKD reconciliation compatible with a wide range of FEC schemes, including polar codes, CCs and irregular convolutional codes (IRCCs), where a near-capacity performance can be achieved for both the QuC and for the ClC. Our simulation results demonstrate that thanks to the proposed regime, the performance improvements of the QuC and of the ClC benefit each other, hence leading to an improved secret key rate (SKR) that inches closer to both the Pirandola-Laurenza-Ottaviani-Banchi (PLOB) bound and to the maximum achieveable rate bound.INDEX TERMS Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), multidimensional reconciliation, low-density parity check (LDPC) codes, irregular convolutional codes (IRCC), secret key rate (SKR), nearcapacity codes.

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Field test of mode-pairing quantum key distribution

Zhu,

Huang,

Pan

et al. 2024

Optica

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Quantum key distribution is a cornerstone of quantum technology, offering information-theoretical secure keys for remote parties. With many quantum communication networks established globally, the mode-pairing protocol stands out for its efficacy over inter-city distances using simple setups, emerging as a promising solution. In this study, we employ the mode-pairing scheme into existing inter-city fiber links, conducting field tests across distances ranging from tens to about a hundred kilometers. Our system achieves a key rate of 1.217 kbit/s in a 195.85 km symmetric link and 3.089 kbit/s in a 127.92 km asymmetric link without global phase locking. The results demonstrate that the mode-pairing protocol can achieve key rates comparable to those of a single quantum link between two trusted nodes on the Beijing-Shanghai backbone line, effectively reducing the need for half of the trusted nodes. These field tests confirm the mode-pairing scheme’s adaptability, efficiency, and practicality, positioning it as a highly suitable protocol for quantum networks.

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Polar-code-based information reconciliation scheme with the frozen-bit erasure strategy for quantum key distribution

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Error-Control Information Reconciliation Scheme for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Using Fixed-Bit Polar Codes

Error-Control Information Reconciliation Scheme for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Using Fixed-Bit Polar Codes

The Road to Near-Capacity CV-QKD Reconciliation: An FEC-Agnostic Design

Field test of mode-pairing quantum key distribution

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