Polar Constituents, Essential Oil and Antioxidant Activity of Marsh Woundwort (Stachys palustris L.)

Abstract

Stachys palustris, well-known as marsh woundwort, is a perennial herb growing in wet environments of Europe. Its tubers, leaves and seeds are eaten raw or cooked. Alike other Stachys species, the plant is also used as a traditional remedy. Despite S. palustris has been consumed for centuries, little is known about its chemical constituents. In this work the main secondary metabolites of S. palustris from Hungary and France have been analysed. From the plant ethanolic extracts, ethanoid glucosides, isoscutellarein derivatives, caffeoyl-quinic acids and iridoids have been isolated and structurally characterized by NMR. The essential oils were analysed by GC/MS and showed (E)-phytol, fatty acids and carbonylic compounds as the most abundant compounds. The radical scavenging capacity of plant ethanolic extracts, as evaluated by the DPPH assay, was noteworthy, with IC values of 92.08 - 105.42 μg/ml.

Habitat Affects the Chemical Profile, Allelopathy, and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oils and Phenolic Enriched Extracts of the Invasive Plant Heliotropium Curassavicum

“…The EOs of the H. curassavicum showed the presence of hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, (-)-caryophyllene oxide, humulene oxide, farnesyl acetone, farnesyl acetone C, and nerolidol epoxy acetate as major compounds (Table 2). Although, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone is well known to possess antimicrobial [45,46], antioxidant [8,47,48], and insecticidal effects [38], its allelopathic activity is still not explored well [3]. Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone was identified as a major compound in the EOs from various plants, where hexahydrofarnesyl acetone represented 62.3% of the EO in Sagittaria trifolia [46], 56.30% in Limonium bonduellei [49], 38.20% in Hildegardia barteri [50], 37.50% in Deinbollia pinnata , 18.34% in Equisetum arvense [45], and 14.34% in Otostegia persica [8].…”

“…Sesquiterpenoid compounds were reported as antioxidant compounds from various plants such as Launaea species [3], Artemisia macrocephala [7], and Ferula caspica [6]. The major compound hexahydrofarnesyl acetone was reported as a strong antioxidant compound from various plants such as Otostegia persica [8], Launaea species [3], Impatiens species [48], and Stachys palustris [47]. In addition, (-)-caryophyllene oxide was reported to be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the EO from Cullen plicata [42] and Rhynchosia minima [43].…”

Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Profiles of Spent Coffee Ground Extracts for the Treatment of Neurodegeneration

“…The in vitro antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured as ability to scavenge the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrydrazyl (DPPH) as reported in [ 38 ] with some modifications. Briefly, 0.5 mL of extract solution (1 mg mL −1 in methanol) was added to 4.5 mL of ethanolic solution of DPPH (0.1 mM) in a 15 mL test tube and allowed to stand for 30 min in the dark at 25°C.…”

Pedicularis L. Genus: Systematics, Botany, Phytochemistry, Chemotaxonomy, Ethnopharmacology and Other

“…More specifically, the phenylethanoid glycosided have a chemotaxonomical relevance when in co-occurrence with iridoids [97]. This was already observed in several species comprised in the Lamiales order [98][99][100][101][102][103] as well as in the case of several Pedicularis spp.Also within the same family which Pedicularis genus belong to (Orobanchaceae), these compounds are extremely common and, in fact, they have been already reported in several genera such as Orobanche L., Cistanche L. and Orthocarpus Nutt. [104].…”