Polarisatie in de Nederlandse samenleving en politiek: het integratiebeleid

Abstract

Polarization in Dutch society and politics: the ethnic integration policy .A growing polarization features current debates in the Netherlands. However, a systematic measurement of polarization is missing thus far. The present paper aims to describe and compare trends in societal and political polarization on Dutch ethnic integration policy using a refined polarization measure. Based on political competition models and agenda theory, it is predicted that the electoral salience of an issue positively affects political polarization, but negatively affects societal polarization. Analyses of data from Dutch political election studies and party manifestos show that polarization trends on ethnic integration policy in Dutch politics are markedly dissimilar from polarization trends in society. Moreover, trends in electoral salience of ethnic integration policy are comparable to political polarization trends, but seem opposed to societal polarization trends.

Support for radical left ideologies in Europe

“…The political spectrum is often depicted as a straight line with the radical left and the radical right at opposite ends. Such a view suggests that supporters of the radical left and radical right have few features in common and may even strongly oppose each other (Oosterwaal ). Illustrations of this interpretation are radical left protest marches being disrupted by followers of the radical right, and vice versa.…”

“…We set out to answer the following research question: To what extent do individual and country characteristics explain support for radical left ideologies among individuals in Europe? Additionally, we compare the extent to which individuals in European countries position themselves on the radical left or radical right of the political spectrum, and we explore whether comparable explanations can be found for such positioning (Faye ; Oosterwaal ).…”

Extreme politieke oriëntaties in Europa - Verklaringen op micro- en macroniveau

“…Daartoe formuleren we intermediërende hypothesen. Een additionele kwestie is of de verklaringsmechanismen voor extreem linkse en extreem rechtse identificatie op elkaar lijken, zoals soms wordt gesuggereerd (Faye, 2004), of dat beide extremen op elkaar reageren en vervolgens polarisatie in de hand werken (Oosterwaal, 2009). Tevens varieert de populariteit van extremistische bewegingen en partijen van land tot land.…”

“…Het politieke links-rechts continuüm kan enerzijds worden voorgesteld als een rechte lijn waarop extreem links en extreem rechts op beide uiteinden van deze lijn liggen. Bij een dergelijke zienswijze is de verwachting dat extreem links en extreem rechts weinig met elkaar gemeen hebben en zich tegen elkaar afzetten (Oosterwaal, 2009). Anderzijds wordt de hoefijzervorm geopperd, waarbij de beide uiteinden van het politieke spectrum bepaalde aspecten met elkaar gemeen hebben (Faye, 2004).…”