Polariton Condensation in Photonic Molecules

Galbiati, Marta; Ferrier, Lydie; Solnyshkov, D. D.; Tanese, Dimitrii; Wertz, Esther; Amo, A.; Abbarchi, Marco; Senellart, P.; Sagnes, I.; Lemaı̂tre, A.; Galopin, Élisabeth; Malpuech, Guillaume; Bloch, J.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.108.126403

Cited by 154 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Each individual micropillar shows discrete confined photonic modes. Thanks to the spatial overlap of adjacent micropillars, the photons can tunnel between neighboring sites [29,30] with an amplitude that is different for the polarization states parallel and orthogonal to the link direction, as recently reported in Ref. [31] [Figs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Each individual micropillar, with a diameter of 3 μm, is a zerodimensionally-confined photonic box with discrete eigenstates [33]. The one with the lowest energy has s symmetry (cylindrical with a maximum at the center of the pillar) [29]. In our structure, the center-to-center distance between the micropillars is 2.4 μm, smaller than the diameter, resulting in the spatial overlap of adjacent micropillars.…”

Section: Hexagonal Photonic Moleculementioning

confidence: 99%

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Spin-Orbit Coupling for Photons and Polaritons in Microstructures

et al. 2015

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We use coupled micropillars etched out of a semiconductor microcavity to engineer a spin-orbit Hamiltonian for photons and polaritons in a microstructure. The coupling between the spin and orbital momentum arises from the polarization-dependent confinement and tunneling of photons between adjacent micropillars arranged in the form of a hexagonal photonic molecule. It results in polariton eigenstates with distinct polarization patterns, which are revealed in photoluminescence experiments in the regime of polariton condensation. Thanks to the strong polariton nonlinearities, our system provides a photonic workbench for the quantum simulation of the interplay between interactions and spin-orbit effects, particularly when extended to two-dimensional lattices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Hexagonal Photonic Moleculementioning

confidence: 99%

Spin-Orbit Coupling for Photons and Polaritons in Microstructures

et al. 2015

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“…When two such micropillars spatially overlap, polaritons can tunnel from one micropillar to the other. The tunnel coupling is proportional to the overlap and can thus be engineered 8 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonlinear Josephson physics was first observed in superfluid helium 5 and atomic condensates 6,7 , but it has remained inaccessible in photonic systems because it requires large photon-photon interactions. Here we report on the observation of nonlinear Josephson oscillations of two coupled polariton condensates confined in a photonic molecule formed by two overlapping micropillars etched in a semiconductor microcavity 8 . At low densities we observe coherent oscillations of particles tunnelling between the two sites.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Macroscopic quantum self-trapping and Josephson oscillations of exciton polaritons

et al. 2013

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The coupling of two macroscopic quantum states through a tunnel barrier gives rise to Josephson phenomena 1 such as Rabi oscillations 2 , the a.c. and d.c. effects 3 , or macroscopic self-trapping, depending on whether tunnelling or interactions dominate 4 . Nonlinear Josephson physics was first observed in superfluid helium 5 and atomic condensates 6,7 , but it has remained inaccessible in photonic systems because it requires large photon-photon interactions. Here we report on the observation of nonlinear Josephson oscillations of two coupled polariton condensates confined in a photonic molecule formed by two overlapping micropillars etched in a semiconductor microcavity 8 . At low densities we observe coherent oscillations of particles tunnelling between the two sites. At high densities, interactions quench the transfer of particles, inducing the macroscopic self-trapping of polaritons in one of the micropillars 9,10 . The finite lifetime results in a dynamical transition from self-trapping to oscillations with π phase. Our results open the way to the experimental study of highly nonlinear regimes in photonic systems, such as chaos 11-13 or symmetry-breaking bifurcations 14,15 .A bosonic Josephson junction is a device in which two macroscopic ensembles of bosons, each of them occupying a single quantum state, are coupled by a tunnel barrier. The system can be described by the following coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations 1 :where ψ L,R are the bosonic wavefunctions with particle densities |ψ L,R | 2 localized to the left (L) and to the right (R) of the barrier, E 0 L,R is the single particle energy of the quantum states, U is the particle-particle interaction strength and J is the tunnel coupling constant. In the absence of interactions, equations (1a) and (1b) can be diagonalized in a basis of bonding (). An initial state prepared in a linear combination of these two (for instance, all particles in the left site) will result in density oscillations between the two sites. This is the main principle of the bosonic Josephson effect, which manifests in an ensemble of oscillatory regimes. In the absence of interactions, sinusoidal oscillations take place 4,7 with a frequencȳ Josephson physics shows the most spectacular phenomena in the nonlinear regime, when the interaction energy (U |ψ| 2 ) is greater than the coupling J . The transfer of particles from one site to the other gives rise to a dynamical renormalization of the energy in each site, resulting in anharmonic oscillations. If interactions are strong enough (U |ψ| 2 J ), the self-induced energy renormalization quenches the tunnelling, and most of the particles remain localized in one of the sites. This out of equilibrium metastable regime is called macroscopic quantum self-trapping.A number of bosonic systems have demonstrated Josephson physics. Harmonic oscillations in the linear regime have been observed in superconductor junctions 2 or in nanoscale apertures connecting superfluid helium vessels 5 . Bose-Einstein condensates of ultracold atoms in cou...

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Sensitively Site‐Dependent Enhancement of Emissions from Ge Quantum Dots in SiGe Microdisks

Zhang

Chen

Jia

et al. 2022

Advanced Photonics Research

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Herein, the unique emission properties of Ge quantum dots (QDs) SiGe microdisk system are reported on Si substrates. Two types of microdisks embedded with random QDs and radial site‐controlled QDs are realized by top–down and bottom–up methods, respectively. Photoluminescence results demonstrate that the maximum enhancement factor (EF) of emissions from radial site‐controlled QDs is ≈5.2 times of that from random QDs in microdisks. Moreover, the EF dramatically depends on the site of QD in a microdisk. For a single QD in a microdisk, the difference of EF can be more than five orders due to radial site‐dependent Purcell effect. For multiple QDs in a microdisk, both the azimuthal site and the number of QDs also substantially affect EF due to the interference effect of QDs’ emissions coupling into the cavity modes of microdisks. These unique features disclose the critical effect of the spatial matching between the QD site and the cavity mode on light–matter interactions in a microdisk. In addition, the microdisk via the bottom–up method can efficiently suppress nonradiative losses at the sidewall of microdisk. A promising strategy to QDs’ microdisk system is provided in the results, which promises strong coupling between QDs and the cavity modes and the realization of innovative light sources.

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Polariton Condensation in Photonic Molecules

Cited by 154 publications

References 26 publications

Spin-Orbit Coupling for Photons and Polaritons in Microstructures

Spin-Orbit Coupling for Photons and Polaritons in Microstructures

Macroscopic quantum self-trapping and Josephson oscillations of exciton polaritons

Sensitively Site‐Dependent Enhancement of Emissions from Ge Quantum Dots in SiGe Microdisks

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