Polarity Index Dependence of M13 Bacteriophage-based Nanostructure for Structural Color-based Sensing

Abstract

Color sensor systems based on M13 bacteriophage are being considerably researched. Although many studies on M13 bacteriophage-based chemical sensing of TNT, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and antibiotics have been undertaken, the fundamental physical and chemical properties of M13 bacteriophagebased nanostructures require further research. A simple M13 bacteriophage-based colorimetric sensor was fabricated by a simple pulling technique, and M13 bacteriophage was genetically engineered using a phage display technique to exhibit a negatively charged surface. Arrays of structurally and genetically modified M13 bacteriophage that can determine the polarity indexes of various alcohols were found. In this research, an M13 bacteriophage-based color sensor was used to detect various types of alcohols, including methanol, ethanol, and methanol/butanol mixtures, in order to investigate the polarity-related property of the sensor. Studies of the fundamental chemical sensing properties of M13 bacteriophage-based nanostructures should result in wider applications of M13 bacteriophage-based colorimetric sensors.

The development progress of multi-array colourimetric sensors based on the M13 bacteriophage

“…Subsequently, a different type of genetically engineered M13 bacteriophage was studied, in which the plasmid was engineered to—AAEEEEDRAKAFN—(4E-M13 bacteriophage), where 2700 pVIII coat proteins of the Wild-M13 bacteriophage were tuned; each pVIII protein has four negatively charged glutamic acid groups at the end, showing a very high-polarity [ 100 ]. These characteristics showed a tendency to react very sensitively to the polarity of the target material.…”

Investigation of Temperature Sensitivity of a Polymer-Overlaid Microfiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

“…Fiber-optic interferometric sensors have been widely investigated for their various applications to mechanical, chemical, and biological measurement [ 1 ]. Fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) in particular have demonstrated the large potential of various sensing probes because of their numerous advantages, such as electromagnetic immunity, light weight, ease of fabrication, and compactness [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Many techniques to enhance the performance of MZI-based sensors have been proposed, including a micro-cavity inside the fiber [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], large lateral offset splicing [ 12 ], and a special fiber [ 13 ].…”