The conversion of CO2 into commercially available
chemical
fuels is a meaningful strategy for mitigating the greenhouse effect.
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction is an attractive strategy
due to its clean and environmentally friendly properties, and seeking
efficient photocatalysts is crucial to accomplish high yield and selectivity
of CO2. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are favorable
for photocatalytic reactions due to their high specific surface areas
and abundant active sites. To facilitate the search for practical,
green, and sustainable MOF photocatalysts, this paper summarizes the
effects of different preparation processes on the photoresponsiveness
and pore structure of MOFs, and describes the challenges of large-scale
industrial production in the future. Moreover, the mechanism of MOFs
photocatalytic reduction of CO2 and the factors affecting
the photocatalytic performance were summarized in detail. Based on
this, this review focuses on the design of band structure, construction
of heterojunction, and design of goal-oriented MOF morphology to propose
modification strategies and point out the key to improving photocatalytic
performance. Finally, the challenges and application prospects of
MOFs in photocatalytic reduction of CO2 are further discussed.