Polarization-insensitive design and fabrication of hybrid sol-gel arrayed waveguide gratings

Influences of silicon nano-crystallized structures on the optical performance of silicon oxynitride rib-type waveguides

“…One is a low index contrast (LIC), such as using silica-based waveguides with a silica cladding [1] and other LIC optical materials [2,3], with low insertion loss performance.…”