Polarization observables in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:math>scattering below 30 MeV

Kievsky, A.; Viviani, M.; Rosati, S.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.64.024002

Cited by 123 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…2, we show the results of calculations of the tensor analyzing power T 21 (θ ) in elastic neutron-deuteron (n-d) scattering at E n = 28.0 MeV (or E d = 56.0 MeV) compared with p-d data at the corresponding energy [16], for which the effect of the Coulomb force may be small as shown in Ref. [3]. In this energy, the AV18 calculation looks to be almost in agreement with the data.…”

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confidence: 95%

“…See, e.g., Table III of Ref. [3], where calculations of observables with and without a 2π E-3NF are compared in terms of χ 2 with experimental data below 30 MeV of incident nucleon energy in the laboratory system. In spite of recent progress in constructing realistic 3NFs from chiral effective field theory or from heavier-boson-exchange mechanisms, no consensus has been obtained for possible mechanisms of 3NFs consistent with all of the experimental data.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spin-dependent three-nucleon force effects on nucleon-deuteron scattering

Ishikawa

2007

Phys. Rev. C

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We construct a phenomenological three-nucleon force (3NF) model that gives a good description of polarization observables in elastic nucleon-deuteron (N -d) scattering at a low energy together with a realistic nucleon-nucleon force and a 3NF arising from the exchange of two pions. Parameters of the model, which consists of spinindependent, spin-orbit, and tensor components, are determined to reproduce the three-nucleon binding energy and polarization observables in N -d scattering at 3 MeV. Predictions of the 3NF model on N -d polarization observables at higher energies are examined, and the effects of each component on the observables are investigated. As is well known, modern two-nucleon force (2NF) models have a deficiency in explaining the binding energies of three-nucleon (3N) systems, and this problem is successfully solved by introducing a 3NF arising from the exchange process of two pions among three nucleons, which is called the two-pion-exchange (2π E) 3NF [1,2]. However, such combinations of the 2NFs and the 2π E-3NF that reproduce the 3N binding energy do not necessarily explain polarization observables in 3N scattering systems such as vector or tensor analyzing powers in elastic N -d scattering. See, e.g., Table III of Ref. [3], where calculations of observables with and without a 2π E-3NF are compared in terms of χ 2 with experimental data below 30 MeV of incident nucleon energy in the laboratory system. In spite of recent progress in constructing realistic 3NFs from chiral effective field theory or from heavier-boson-exchange mechanisms, no consensus has been obtained for possible mechanisms of 3NFs consistent with all of the experimental data. On the other hand, model 3NFs with artificial functional forms have been proposed to explain the polarization observables quite well [4][5][6]. These 3NFs have a form that typical components in 2NFs, e.g., central spin-independent, tensor, or spin-orbit components, are modified in the presence of third nucleon. [See Eq. (1) below.]In this paper, we introduce such a phenomenological 3NF to resolve the discrepancies of a 2NF and the 2π E-3NF at a low energy, and we examine whether it is still valid for N -d observables at higher energies up to 30 MeV. Since it may not be so difficult to understand what physical process is simulated by the spin dependence of each component, we expect that the present study will provide some hint of which characteristics of more realistic 3NFs should be studied.Our 3N calculations are based on a formalism to solve the Faddeev equations in coordinate space as integral equations [7,8]. For scattering states below the 3N breakup threshold energy, effects of the long-range Coulomb force between two * ishikawa@hosei.ac.jp protons are exactly treated [9]. Calculations for energies above the 3N breakup threshold are formulated in Ref. [10]. 3N partial wave states for which 2NFs and 3NFs act, are restricted to those with total two-nucleon angular momenta j 6 for bound state calculations, and j 3 for scattering state calculations. The ...

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confidence: 99%

Spin-dependent three-nucleon force effects on nucleon-deuteron scattering

Ishikawa

2007

Phys. Rev. C

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“…Recently, in a series of papers [7,42,43], the method has been generalized to solve the N − d elastic scattering problem above the deuteron breakup threshold (DBT), thus allowing for the study of electromagnetic processes at higher energies than previously treated [2,3]. For completeness, the method will be reviewed briefly and a summary of relevant results obtained for N − d scattering observables at energies above the DBT will be presented.…”

Section: Wave Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The A=3 bound-and scattering-state wave functions were obtained using the pair-correlated hyperspherical harmonics (PHH) method [5][6][7] from a realistic Hamiltonian model consisting of the Argonne v 18 two-nucleon [8] and Urbana IX three-nucleon interaction [9] (AV18/UIX). This technique allows for the inclusion of the Coulomb interaction in both the bound and scattering states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic structure of A=2 and 3 nuclei and the nuclear current operator

et al. 2005

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Different models for conserved two-and three-body electromagnetic currents are constructed from two-and three-nucleon interactions, using either meson-exchange mechanisms or minimal substitution in the momentum dependence of these interactions. The connection between these two different schemes is elucidated. A number of low-energy electronuclear observables, including (i) np radiative capture at thermal neutron energies and deuteron photodisintegration at low energies, (ii) nd and pd radiative capture reactions, and (iii) isoscalar and isovector magnetic form factors of 3 H and 3 He, are calculated in order to make a comparative study of these models for the current operator. The realistic Argonne v18 two-nucleon and Urbana IX or Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon interactions are taken as a case study. For A=3 processes, the bound and continuum wave functions, both below and above deuteron breakup threshold, are obtained with the correlated hyperspherical-harmonics method. Three-body currents give small but significant contributions to some of the polarization observables in the 2 H(p, γ) 3 He process and the 2 H(n, γ) 3 H cross section at thermal neutron energies. It is shown that the use of a current which did not exactly satisfy current conservation with the two-and three-nucleon interactions in the Hamiltonian was responsible for some of the discrepancies reported in previous studies between the experimental and theoretical polarization observables in pd radiative capture.

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“…Whereas it has already been solved for elastic proton-deuteron (pd) scattering with realistic hadronic interactions using various procedures [1,2,3,4,5], there are only very few attempts [6,7,8] to calculate pd breakup, and none of them uses a complete treatment of the Coulomb interaction and realistic hadronic potentials allowing for a stringent comparison with the experimental data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Publisher's Note: Momentum-space description of three-nucleon breakup reactions including the Coulomb interaction [Phys. Rev. C 72, 054004 (2005)]

Deltuva¹,

Fonseca²,

Sauer³

2005

Phys. Rev. C

113

276

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The Coulomb interaction between the two protons is included in the calculation of proton-deuteron breakup and of three-body electromagnetic disintegration of 3 He. The hadron dynamics is based on the purely nucleonic charge-dependent (CD) Bonn potential and its realistic extension CD Bonn + ∆ to a coupled-channel two-baryon potential, allowing for single virtual ∆-isobar excitation. Calculations are done using integral equations in momentum space. The screening and renormalization approach is employed for including the Coulomb interaction. Convergence of the procedure is found at moderate screening radii. The reliability of the method is demonstrated. The Coulomb effect on breakup observables is seen at all energies in particular kinematic regimes.

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Polarization observables inp−dscattering below 30 MeV

Cited by 123 publications

References 56 publications

Spin-dependent three-nucleon force effects on nucleon-deuteron scattering

Spin-dependent three-nucleon force effects on nucleon-deuteron scattering

Electromagnetic structure of A=2 and 3 nuclei and the nuclear current operator

Publisher's Note: Momentum-space description of three-nucleon breakup reactions including the Coulomb interaction [Phys. Rev. C 72, 054004 (2005)]

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