Polarization-sensitive coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering applied to the detection of NO in a microwave discharge for reduction of NO

Pott, Ariane; Doerk, T.; Uhlenbusch, J.; Ehlbeck, Jörg; Höschele, J.; Steinwandel, J.

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/31/19/020

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This behavior enables a wide range of applications for those plasma sources. Depending on the plasma zone that is involved for the treatment, it is possible to use either rather high temperatures or chemical reactivity of the plasma [70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Still in order to achieve flexible operating conditions, Pott et al [70] have developed a torch with a resonant cavity (see Fig. 26).…”

Section: 332mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Power: some 100 W Baeva et al [70] T e å 7000 K s Resonant cavity T h å 7000 K s Pulsed MW power supply n e å 10 19 m À 3 Gas: N 2 Gas flow: 30 slm Power: 800 W Sugiyama et al [128] T e å 90,000 K s Ignition by perovskite powder T h å 1000 K t Gas: Ar/H 2 n e å 10 17 m À 3…”

Section: 332mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric pressure plasmas: A review

Tendero¹,

Tixier²,

Tristant³

et al. 2006

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

1,312

740

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Still in order to achieve flexible operating conditions, Pott et al [70] have developed a torch with a resonant cavity (see Fig. 26).…”

Section: 332mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Atmospheric pressure plasmas: A review

Tendero¹,

Tixier²,

Tristant³

et al. 2006

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

1,312

740

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…the diatomic species C 2 [147][148][149], CH [150], and NO [151,152]. Furthermore polyatomic molecules such as NO 2 [153], NH 2 [154], and C 2 H 2 [155] have been investigated using this technique.…”

Section: Electronic Enhancement Of Cars Allows Detection Of Minor Spementioning

confidence: 99%

Laser diagnostics and minor species detection in combustion using resonant four-wave mixing

Kiefer

Ewart

2011

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

131

112

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Laser-based methods have transformed combustion diagnostics in the past few decades. The high intensity, coherence, high spectral resolution and frequency tunability available from laser radiation has provided powerful tools for studying microscopic processes and macroscopic phenomena in combustion by linear and nonlinear optical processes. This review focuses on nonlinear optical techniques based on resonant four-wave mixing for non-intrusive measurements of minor species in combustion. The importance of minor species such as reaction intermediates is outlined together with the challenges they present for detection and measurement in the hostile environments of flames, technical combustors, and engines. The limitations of conventional optical methods for such measurements are described and the particular advantages of coherent methods using nonlinear optical techniques are discussed.The basic physics underlying four-wave wave mixing processes and theoretical models for signal calculation are then presented together with a discussion of how combustion parameters may be derived from analysis of signals generated in various four-wave mixing processes. The most important four-wave mixing processes, in this context, are then reviewed:Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing (DFWM), Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS), Laser Induced Grating Spectroscopy (LIGS) and Polarization Spectroscopy (PS). In each case the fundamental physics is outlined to explain the particular properties and diagnostic advantages of each technique. The application of the methods mentioned to molecular physics studies of combustion species is then reviewed along with their application in measurement of concentration, temperature and other combustion parameters. Related nonlinear techniques and recent extensions to the ultra-fast regime are briefly reviewed. Finally practical considerations relevant to multi-dimensional and multi-species measurements, as well as applications in technical combustion systems are discussed.Keywords: nonlinear optical spectroscopy, four-wave mixing, combustion diagnostics, minor species detection, laser-induced gratings, polarization spectroscopy IntroductionEnergy from renewable sources such as solar and wind power is the goal of much current research and technological development. Combustion, however, is and is likely to remain for the foreseeable future, the most important energy source for heat, electrical power and especially for transportation. In technical combustion systems the chemical energy of fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil and natural gas is converted into heat through oxidation with oxygen from air. However, fossil fuel resources are limited and alternatives like biofuels [1] or novel technologies such as fuel cells [2] are not yet able to meet the demand. Consequently, for a sustainable use of fossil fuels it is desirable to further improve the efficiency, maintainability and reliability of existing combustion devices. Achieving such improvements depends upon an improved understanding of t...

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“…11 is approximately 10, and as such, the detection limit is estimated to be less than 10 ppm. In comparison, using polarization CARS, Pott et al 43 report a detection limit of 200 ppm with a SNR of approximately unity. Figure 12 displays the enhancement factors corresponding to the Stokes scan spectra shown in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perturbative theory and modeling of electronic-resonance-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy of nitric oxide

Kuehner

Naik

Kulatilaka

et al. 2008

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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for ERE-CARS NO spectra has been developed in the perturbative limit. Comparisons to experimental spectra are presented where either the probe laser was scanned with fixed Stokes frequency or the Stokes laser was scanned with fixed probe frequency. At atmospheric pressure and an NO concentration of 100 ppm, good agreement is found between theoretical and experimental spectral peak locations and relative intensities for both types of spectra.Factors relating to saturation in the experiments are discussed, including implications for the theoretical predictions.

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Polarization-sensitive coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering applied to the detection of NO in a microwave discharge for reduction of NO

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Atmospheric pressure plasmas: A review

Atmospheric pressure plasmas: A review

Laser diagnostics and minor species detection in combustion using resonant four-wave mixing

Perturbative theory and modeling of electronic-resonance-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy of nitric oxide

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