Polarized electron-deuteron deep-inelastic scattering with spectator nucleon tagging

Cosyn, W.; Weiss, C.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2006.03033

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 78 publications

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“…In addition, there is the gluon transversity distribution [12] in the leading twist. For b 1 , there were measurements by the HERMES collaboration [13]; however, the magnitude and x dependence of b 1 are very different from conventional convolution calculations based on a standard deuteron model with D-state admixture [14,15]. Furthermore, the HERMES data indicated a finite sum dxb 1 (x) = [ 0.35 ± 0.10 (stat) ± 0.18 (sys) ] [13], which indicates a finite tensor-polarized antiquark distribution according to the parton-model sum rule [16] dx b 1 (x) = − lim t→0 5 24 t F Q (t) + i e 2 i dx δ T qi (x), where F Q (t) is the electric quadrupole form factor of the hadron, and δ T qi is the tensor-polarized antiquark distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions up to twist 4 for spin-1 hadrons

Kumano,

Song

2020

Preprint

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We show possible transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) for spin-1 hadrons including twist-3 and 4 functions in addition to the leading twist-2 ones by investigating all the possible decomposition of a quark correlation function in the Lorentz-invariant way. The Hermiticity and parity invariance are imposed in the decomposition; however, the timereversal invariance is not used due to an active role of gauge links in the TMDs. Therefore, there exist time-reversal odd functions in addition to the time-reversal even ones in the TMDs. We list all the functions up to twist-4 level because there were missing terms associated with the lightcone vector n in previous works on the twist-2 part and there was no correlation-function study in the twist-3 and 4 parts for spin-1 hadrons. We show that 40 TMDs exist in the tensor-polarized spin-1 hadron in the twist 2, 3, and 4. Some expressions of twist-2 structure functions are modified from previous derivations due to the new terms with n, and we find 30 new structure functions in the twist 3 and 4 in this work. Since time-reversal-odd terms of the collinear correlation function should vanish after integrals over the partonic transverse momentum, we obtain new sum rules for the time-reversal-odd structure functions. We also obtain new sum rules the TMDs, d 2 kT h1LT = d 2 kT hLT = d 2 kT hLL = d 2 kT h3LL = 0, because of the time-reversal invariance in collinear correlation functions. In addition, we indicate that new transverse-momentumdependent fragmentation functions exist in tensor-polarized spin-1 hadrons. The TMDs are rare observables to find explicit color degrees of freedom in terms of color flow, which cannot be usually measured because the color is confined in hadrons. Furthermore, the studies of TMDs enable not only to find three-dimensional structure of hadrons, namely hadron tomography including transverse structure, but also to provide unique opportunities for creating interesting interdisciplinary physics fields such as gluon condensates, color Aharonov-Bohm effect, and color entanglement. The tensor structure functions may not be easily measured in experiments. However, high-intensity facility such as the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab), the Fermilab Main Injector, and future accelerators like electron-ion collider (EIC) may probe such observables. In addition, since the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) focuses on spin-1 deuteron structure functions, there is a possibility to study the details of polarized structure functions of the deuteron at this facility.

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