“…Although the results of these methods are often effective in using the data from a practical perspective, the fact remains that there can still be a significant loss of information from the ignored data. Without removing the points during the partition procedure, other methods divide the data into sections or tiles, such that each section can be processed separately to reduce the computation complexity (e.g., Chen, et al [6], Holgado-Barco, et al [8], Wu, et al [10], Soilán, et al [16], Jung, et al [17], Teo and Chiu [19], Pu, et al [23]). Furthermore, depending on the desired analysis, the refinement of the data partition can be achieved by merging multiple profiles to generate a series of overlapping tiles (e.g., Zai, et al [11], Wang, et al [20]), or by dividing a profile based on some other constraints, such as the slope of the roadway (e.g., Wang, et al [9]).…”