Police brutality and human rights in Nigeria's democracy: Focus on restoration of man's dignity

Abstract

After about twenty years of military rule in Nigeria, Nigerians seemed to have lost the ability to insist on their fundamental human rights. In this vein, any attempt to talk about human rights has been very controversial since the return of democracy in 1991 because the police seem to have taken over the lawlessness of the military as no day passes without a daily occurrence of extra judicial killings, accidental discharge, and other notorious acts against innocent citizens all over the country. Therefore, with police brutality observable in every nook and cranny of the Nigerian society, this study evaluates human rights abuses in Nigeria's democracy with a view to restoring man's dignity that is at lowest ebb today than ever. Since government seems confused on what steps to take to put a stop to the series of abuses of human rights, hypotheses were formulated and literatures related to the variables reviewed. Survey research design was adopted and a total sample of 150 respondents was selected through purposive sampling technique and simple random sampling technique. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 significant levels and the results of the findings show that all the null hypotheses were rejected and the alternate hypotheses accepted at same significant levels. Among the findings, the study shows that the rule of law in Nigeria has fallen short of the expectations of the citizens. Secondly, the police force has become a stumbling block to the effective administration of Justice and efficient maintenance of law and order as cruelty against citizens are widespread. Furthermore, the sheer disrespect of rules of engagements with imunity by the police not only questions the ability of the government to protect its citizens but also undermines its credibility. Based on the findings, the study concludes that the Nigeria Police Force (NPF) have not only abdicated their constitutional functions, responsibilities and obligations to Nigerians, but are deeply engaged in human rights abuses, bribery, and extortions of money not only from motorists plying our roads but also in our habitudes at the least opportunity. In this light, the study recommends that as a security organization in a democracy, the Nigeria police should understand that democracy demands that the human personality in its course of development should be allowed to proceed without artificial forces or barricade so long as it actively does not violate the safety and reasonable right of others. In addition, there should be other far-reaching reforms and reorientations necessary to bring Nigeria's policing operations into conformity with constitutional and international human rights standards.

I Will Kill You and Nothing Will Happen: Extra-Judicial Killings in Nigeria and Public Interest Litigation

“…15 It is against this backdrop that Nigerian Afro beat king, Fela Anikulapo Kuti and the Egypt 80 Band, which debuted "Animal Rights", satirized the military on its abuse of human rights. 16 Arguably, it suffi ces to assert that extra judicial killings were primarily the order of the day during that brutal military era. 17 On the other hand, civilian rule also came, a supposed democratic and peaceful regime with the unique opportunities of public interest litigation and the acclaimed protection of fundamental rights.…”

“…More so, any attempt to talk about human rights has been very controversial since the return of democracy in 1991, because the police have problematically taken over the lawlessness of the military. 22 Idiomatically, it seems to be the case of the dark spots of a leopard which cannot be washed away by rain. 23 Th erefore this article will discuss the serious problem of extrajudicial killing in Nigeria, and how public interest litigation can be used to get justice for the families of victims.…”