Police Integrity in Slovenia

The Quagmire that is an Unwillingness to Report: Situating the Code of Silence Within the Chinese Police Context

“…Using a sample of 408 front line Slovenian police officers, Lobnikar and his colleagues (2016) found that female officers were less likely to report fellow officers engaging in misconduct than their male counterparts. However, in an earlier study, the researchers reported that female officers have a higher likelihood of reporting misconduct by fellow officers than their male counterparts (Pagon et al, 2004). These inconsistent findings regarding the gender effect also reflect the competing psychological perspectives about the gender difference in whistle-blowing.…”

“…Few studies examine the intersectional nature of organizational, environmental, and individual factors and how each shape police integrity. In fact, across the dozens of studies on police integrity, only a small sample examine these factors through a more nuanced analytical approach (see Ivković, 2012; Ivković, Mraović, & Borovec, 2016b; Ivković, Peacock, & Haberfeld, 2016; Ivković & Sauerman, 2016; Kane & White, 2009; Lobnikar et al, 2016; Pagon, Lobnikar, & Anelj, 2004; Torstensson-Levander & Ekenvall, 2003; Vallmüür, 2016; Wolfe & Piquero, 2011). What follows is a brief overview of the state of research concerning the individual, organizational, and environmental factors.…”

Perception of police corruption and the level of integrity among Slovenian police officers

“…Scenario 8 (cover-up of police DUI) is also a form of police corruption, one involving internal corruption from. Prior research on police integrity in Slovenia (Pagon & Lobnikar, 2004) shows that internal corruption has been classified as one of the least serious forms of police corruption also back in 1998 with mean score 2.41 as the second least serious scenario, together with the free meals and gifts from merchants, the scenario that was evaluated as the least serious by Slovenian police officers back in 1988 with the mean score of 2.00.…”

“…Unfortunately, the history of policing has revealed that this is often a myth and that officers engage in a range of activity that breaks their disciplinary code and the criminal law (Newburn, 1999;Punch, 2000). Government, accountability and integrity of the police, and related aspects, are important aspects of contemporary policing that are believed to have a central role in policing as a profession (Pagon & Lobnikar, 2004). Generally, the theories on leadership found that integrity is a central trait of effective business leaders, while interpersonal and group relationship theorists have identified integrity as a central determinant of trust in organizations (Becker, 1998).…”

Exploring the Relation Between Police Integrity and Rank

“…Lastly, as prior research has indicated (see, e.g. Kutnjak Ivković & Pagon & Lobnikar, 2004;Kremer, 2004;Kutnjak Ivković & Shelley, 2008), nonsupervisors might have more tolerant views of police misconduct and be more likely to adhere to the code of silence than supervisors do. Accordingly, I expected that the code of silence would be stronger among nonsupervisors than among supervisors.…”