Police Killings and Municipal Reliance on Fine-and-Fee Revenue

Beck, Brenden

doi:10.7758/rsf.2023.9.2.07

rsf

2023

DOI: 10.7758/rsf.2023.9.2.07

|View full text |Cite

Police Killings and Municipal Reliance on Fine-and-Fee Revenue

Brenden Beck

Abstract: The author thanks Eaven Holder and Makayla Ogdahl for research assistance. For their invaluable feedback on earlier drafts, he also thanks Angela LaScala-Gruenewald, the participants of the Russell Sage Foundation's conference on suburban inequality, the editors of this special issue, and the four anonymous reviewers.

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...

Citation Types

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Year Published

2023

2024

Publication Types

Select...

Article4

Relationship

Self Cite1

Independent3

Authors

Journals

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Conversely, some towns, struggling to fund municipal services because of an eroding tax base, turn to punitive fines and fees to raise revenue. This strategy exacerbates the material challenges facing lowincome households, especially those that are Black or Latino (Beck 2023;Pacewicz and Robinson 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Suburbanization of Eviction: Increasing Displacement and Inequality Within American Suburbs

Rutan

Hepburn

Desmond

2023

rsf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The suburbanization of poverty in the United States coincided with surging housing costs and growing rent burdens. Although much of the existing literature on eviction focuses on housing insecurity and displacement in cities, there is good reason to suspect that it has become an equally common phenomenon in the suburbs. This study evaluates changes in the frequency of urban and suburban evictions over time across seventy-four large metropolitan areas. Multilevel models show that the number of suburban evictions has steadily risen over time, even as urban evictions have been stable. The cases of Cleveland, Seattle, and Tampa demonstrate that the increase in suburban evictions is concentrated in pockets of the suburbs. Additional analyses reveal large geographic and racial inequalities in suburban displacement.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Suburbanization of Eviction: Increasing Displacement and Inequality Within American Suburbs

Rutan

Hepburn

Desmond

2023

rsf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Limits of Preclearance

Zhang

2023

Du Bois Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

On June 25, 2013, the Supreme Court ended enforcement of Section 5 of the 1965 Voting Rights Act in Shelby County v. Holder. As a result, over 3500 municipalities were released from the preclearance requirement to seek federal approval prior to enacting changes to elections. Despite the Court’s majority opinion that Section 5 was no longer needed, practices like enforcing strict voter ID requirements and last-minute polling place changes increased dramatically after Shelby County. However, one underexamined election change is changing municipal boundaries through annexations. Municipal annexations can weaken minority political representation in municipal elections if minority population shares decrease after annexation. Using difference-in-differences models, I analyze annexations for over 15,000 municipalities from 2007–2020 across all forty U.S. states with annexable land. I find no evidence that municipalities previously covered by Section 5 increased annexation activity or that they conducted more annexations that dilute Black and minority resident shares after Shelby County. Patterns of annexations pre-Shelby County suggest that the null finding can be explained by the limited effectiveness of Section 5 in preventing minority dilution through annexations when it was in place. This study underscores how municipal boundaries can be manipulated to perpetuate inequality and the limitations of federal legislation in preventing this practice.

show abstract

Policing, Punishment, and Place: Spatial-Contextual Analyses of the Criminal Legal System

2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Policing and punishment are unevenly distributed across geographic space. Research analyzing place-based variation in the criminal legal system is increasing, asking how community conditions contribute to variation in criminal justice outcomes and how multiple criminal justice exposures (e.g., policing and punishment) vary together in places. In this article, we identify spatial-contextual analyses of the criminal legal system and summarize their contributions by organizing them by their three major approaches: those emphasizing crime, urban ecology, or social control. We describe challenges the subfield faces, including an overemphasis on large cities and an overcommitment to analyzing criminal justice institutions like police or prisons discretely, when they are often experienced cumulatively and simultaneously. We call for research that transcends received institutional divisions, generates recommendations for stakeholders at multiple scales, makes greater use of formal spatial modeling, and analyzes places across the urban-rural continuum. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Sociology, Volume 49 is July 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

Police Killings and Municipal Reliance on Fine-and-Fee Revenue

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

The Suburbanization of Eviction: Increasing Displacement and Inequality Within American Suburbs

The Suburbanization of Eviction: Increasing Displacement and Inequality Within American Suburbs

The Limits of Preclearance

Policing, Punishment, and Place: Spatial-Contextual Analyses of the Criminal Legal System

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About