Police use of force at street segments: Do street-level characteristics matter?

Nouri, Seyvan

doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2021.101862

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…That said, other work has found that officer characteristics have little importance in predicting use of force when compared with visibility of the incident (Friedrich, 1980). In addition, work by Nouri (2021) indicates that use of force is more probable in census tracts that are primarily designated for commercial land use, in census tracts that are characterized by concentrated disadvantage, and in census tracts with higher rates of violent crime. Similarly, early research by Reiss (1972) found that police were more likely to use excessive force in private settings compared with in public ones.…”

Section: Review Of Relevant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Situational factors and police use of force across micro-time intervals: A video systematic social observation and panel regression analysis

Piza¹,

Connealy²,

Sytsma³

et al. 2022

CrimRxiv

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The current study analyzes police use of force as a series of time-bound transactions between officers, civilians, and bystanders. The research begins with a systematic social observation of use of force events recorded on police body-worn cameras in Newark, NJ. Researchers measure the occurrence and time stamps for numerous participant physical and verbal behaviors. Data are converted into a longitudinal panel format measuring all observed behaviors in five-second intervals. Panel logistic regression models estimate the effect of each behavior on use of force in immediate and subsequent temporal periods. Findings indicate certain variables influence use of force at a distinct point in time whereas others exert influence on use of force across multiple time periods. The most influential variables relate to authority maintenance theoretical constructs. This finding supports prior perspectives arguing that police use of force largely results from officer attempts to maintain constant authority over civilians during face-to-face encounters. Nonetheless, a range of additional variables reflecting procedural justice, civilian resistance, and bystander presence significantly affect when police use force during civilian encounters. Results provide nuance to theoretical frameworks considering use of force as resulting from the interplay between officer and civilian actions and reactions.

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Section: Review Of Relevant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Situational factors and police use of force across micro-time intervals: A video systematic social observation and panel regression analysis

Piza¹,

Connealy²,

Sytsma³

et al. 2022

CrimRxiv

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nouri proposes that police can legally apply a variety of measures to ensure community safety and suspect's obedience. However, the application of brute force may be driven by a combination of factors such as an individual's age or gender, situational factors such as the suspect's resistance, or by community characteristics such as structural disadvantages (Nouri 2021). In this song, the character's age or gender do not justify the police use of force.…”

Section: Old Roof Has Fallen On My Head I Am Crying Alone In Prisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The song suggests that police organisation is more ambiguous in crime neighbourhoods as the lyrics claim that whenever a crime occurs, the officers would arrest everyone present at the crime scene. Nouri (2021) explains that the indiscriminate apprehending of people present in a crime area is common in police operations as 'crime-place evidence'. However, such arrests can be subject to abuse and can be used as a blanket licence for arresting and accusing innocent people.…”

Section: The Chorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Popular Songs and Legal Justice in Tanzania: Case of ‘Jumba Bovu’ [Bad House/Luck] and ‘Jela’ [In Prison] Bongo Flava Injustice Exposés

Mwakibete

2023

Umma

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This article applies John Rawls’ theory of ‘justice as fairness’ to analyse the evocation of complaints in popular songs1, songs as one among different efforts against injustice. Later, interviews with composers of the songs followed to prove the interpreted meaning from the content of text data in the analysed songs. Two specific bongo flava songs: ‘Jumba Bovu’ by Mac Dizzo and ‘Jela’ by LWP, were analysed to find how they address the issue. Findings show that generally, the two songs condemn the weakness of justice system, that it is biased against the poor/those with low socio-economic status.

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“…That said, other work has found that officer characteristics have little importance in predicting use of force when compared with visibility of the incident (Friedrich, 1980). In addition, work by Nouri (2021) indicates that use of force is more probable in census tracts primarily designated for commercial land use, in census tracts characterized by concentrated disadvantage, and in census tracts with higher rates of violent crime. Similarly, early research by Reiss (1972) found that police were more likely to use excessive force in private settings compared with in public ones.…”

Section: Review Of Relevant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Situational factors and police use of force across micro‐time intervals: A video systematic social observation and panel regression analysis

Piza¹,

Connealy²,

Sytsma³

et al. 2022

Criminology

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The current study analyzes police use of force as a series of time-bound transactions between officers, civilians, and bystanders. The research begins with a systematic social observation of use-of-force events recorded on police body-worn cameras in Newark, New Jersey. Researchers measure the occurrence and time stamps for numerous participant physical and verbal behaviors. Data are converted into a longitudinal panel format measuring all observed behaviors in 5-second intervals. Panel logistic regression models estimate the effect of each behavior on use of force in immediate and subsequent temporal periods. Findings indicate certain variables influence use of force at a distinct point in time, whereas others exert influence on use of force across multiple time periods. The most influential variables relate to authority maintenance theoretical constructs. This finding supports prior perspectives arguing that police use of force largely results from officer attempts to maintain constant authority over civilians during faceto-face encounters. Nonetheless, a range of additional variables reflecting procedural justice, civilian resistance, and bystander presence significantly affect when police use force during civilian encounters. Results provide nuance to theoretical frameworks considering use 74

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Police use of force at street segments: Do street-level characteristics matter?

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Situational factors and police use of force across micro-time intervals: A video systematic social observation and panel regression analysis

Situational factors and police use of force across micro-time intervals: A video systematic social observation and panel regression analysis

Popular Songs and Legal Justice in Tanzania: Case of ‘Jumba Bovu’ [Bad House/Luck] and ‘Jela’ [In Prison] Bongo Flava Injustice Exposés

Situational factors and police use of force across micro‐time intervals: A video systematic social observation and panel regression analysis

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