“…The combustion of fossil fuels results in the emission of CO 2 , which has drawn considerable attention with respect to its contribution to climate change. − The conversion of CO 2 into useful energy fuels, such as CO, CH 4 , and CH 3 OH, has recently attracted the attention of researchers. , However, CO 2 is stable in the environment, and a large amount of energy is required to break the CO bonds. − Conversely, solar energy is endless and environmentally friendly, and it can be used to produce electricity. , For example, photocatalysis harnesses energy from light to drive chemical reactions, and it has numerous applications, such as water splitting, CO 2 reduction, N 2 fixation, pollutant degradation, and organic synthesis. − …”