Policy-driven clusters, interfirm interactions and firm internationalisation: Some insights from Malaysia's Multimedia Super Corridor

Leveraging Malaysian diaspora for cluster development initiatives

“…However, in Malaysian MSC tacit, knowledge flow through human interaction is not existent (Richardson et al, 2010). There is lack of trust and sharing in MSC (Wahab, 2003).…”

The Role of Cluster Intermediaries for KIBS’ Resources and Innovation

“…In that sense, intermediaries might help increase cluster ties, especially for SMEs that lack sufficient resources for this type of networking activity. However, in policy‐driven clusters, intermediaries may struggle to create an environment that is conducive to the rich networking that takes place in that context (Richardson, Yamin, and Sinkovics ). Nevertheless, a recent case study (Parker and Hine ) suggests that the role of knowledge intermediaries is greater than “just” facilitating interactions; knowledge intermediation affects firms’ ability to learn and absorb knowledge from their environment.…”

An Exploration of Commercial Diplomacy as a Set of Facilities to Support International Business to and from Emergent Markets

“…Research in this regard includes identifying business-level and agency-level activities as sets of programs (Herbst, 1969;Lee & Hudson, 2004;Naray, 2011;Sridharan, 2002;Wilkinson & Brouthers, 2000b). Furthermore, numerous publications describe specific activities such as export promotion (Czinkota, 2002;Kotabe & Czinkota, 1992), trade shows (Richardson et al, 2012;Seringhaus & Rosson, 1994) and trade missions (Schuler, Schnietz, & Baggett, 2011), as well as the individual actors performing such activities (Bondarouk & Rue¨l, 2012;Rue¨l & Visser, 2012). The number of studies in this regard implies that there are myriad ways of looking at the types of activities in commercial diplomacy.…”

“…The activities of commercial diplomacy (see Table 1) are often described in the literature. Studies mainly describe the effectiveness of FDI attraction programs (Lim, 2008;Sethi et al, 2002), the effectiveness of trade and export promotion programs (Alvarez, 2004;Freixanet, 2012;Kotabe & Czinkota, 1992;Wilkinson & Brouthers, 2006;Yannopoulos, 2010), the organization of trade shows, trade fairs and foreign missions (Alvarez, 2004;Richardson et al, 2012;Rose, 2005;Seringhaus & Rosson, 1994;Spence & Crick, 2004;Wilkinson & Brouthers, 2000a), the value of commercial diplomacy (Busschers & Rue¨l, 2012) and networking activities (Lawton & McGuire, 2001;Saner et al, 2000;Sanyai & Guvenli, 2000). However, the positive effect of trade and export programs is not ubiquitous as Alvarez (2004), Narula and Dunning (1998), Richardson et al (2012), Spence and Crick (2004), Wilkinson and Brouthers (2000a) and Yannopoulos (2010) show.…”

“…As a response, most governments have created a set of services aimed at assisting businesses with internationalization, which have seen a steady increase in use (Coolsaet, 2004;Freixanet, 2012;Kotabe & Czinkota, 1992;Lim, 2008;Richardson, Yamin, & Sinkovics, 2012;Seringhaus & Rosson, 1994).…”