Policy forum: Shifting cultivation and agroforestry in the Amazon: Premises for REDD+

Villa, Pedro Manuel; Martins, Sebastião Venâncio; Neto, Sílvio Nolasco de Oliveira; Rodrigues, Alice Cristina; Hernández, Enrique Pino; Kim, Dong-Gill

doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2020.102217

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Los sistemas agroforestales (SAF) también pueden contribuir a la mitigación del cambio climático mediante el secuestro y almacenamiento de carbono (Albrecht & Kandji, 2003;Andrade & Ibrahim, 2003;Andrade, Brook, & Ibrahim, 2008;Soto-Pinto, Anzueto, Mendoza, Ferrer, & de Jong, 2010). Según Villa et al (2020) los SAF son los sistemas alimentarios sostenibles más importantes del mundo, y permiten la integración de árboles y otros cultivos. Esta diversificación de la producción permite obtener mayores beneficios sociales, económicos y ambientales (Asase & Tetteh, 2015).…”

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“…Esta diversificación de la producción permite obtener mayores beneficios sociales, económicos y ambientales (Asase & Tetteh, 2015). Entre los principales beneficios que prestan los SAF se incluyen la recuperación, conservación y mejora de la biodiversidad, el aumento de las reservas de carbono, la fijación biológica de nitrógeno y el ciclaje de nutrientes, la disminución de la erosión y el mantenimiento de la fertilidad del suelo (Villa et al, 2020). En consecuencia, los SAF son soluciones potenciales para los esfuerzos que articulan la conservación de la biodiversidad y el incremento de la productividad agrícola (Wartenberg et al, 2017), ya que pueden ser más rentables y productivos que las prácticas de monocultivo convencionales (Villa et al, 2020).…”

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Almacenamiento de carbono en sistemas agroforestales en los Llanos Orientales de Colombia

Hernández-Núñez¹,

Andrade²,

Suárez³

et al. 2021

RBT

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Introducción: Los cultivos de café, cacao y pasturas para la ganadería son actividades agropecuarias de interés económico en Colombia. Cuando estas actividades se desarrollan bajo sistemas agroforestales (SAF) promueven la conservación e incrementan la fijación de carbono y, por ende, la mitigación del cambio climático. Objetivo: El estudio estimó el almacenamiento de carbono en la biomasa aérea, necromasa y carbono orgánico del suelo bajo SAF con cacao (SAF cacao), SAF con café (café SAF), sistemas silvopastoriles (SSP) y bosque en el municipio de Mesetas, Meta (Colombia). Métodos: Se establecieron 44 parcelas de muestreo, en donde se tomaron medidas dasométricas a individuos con un diámetro del tronco a la altura del pecho (dap) ≥ 2.5 cm (latizales, fustales y fustales grandes), cuyos valores fueron transformados a carbono con modelos de biomasa y una fracción de carbono default. En los tres sistemas agropecuarios, se contó el número de árboles de cacao, café, plantas asociadas y se identificó el tipo de uso (maderable, alimento, combustión). Resultados: El almacenamiento de carbono presentó diferencias significativas (P < 0.0001) entre usos del suelo. La mayor acumulación se encontró en bosque, con 216.6 t C ha-1, superando en 59, 72 y 73 % a SAF cacao, SSP y SAF café, respectivamente. Fabaceae, Lauraceae y Primulaceae presentaron el mayor almacenamiento de carbono. En SAF cacao, la mayor acumulación de carbono fue encontrada en especies para alimento humano; en SAF café y SSP, el mayor almacenamiento fue presentado en las especies maderables. Conclusión: Estos resultados resaltan el potencial de almacenamiento de carbono en los sistemas productivos de mayor importancia en el departamento del Meta, lo cual es importante para el diseño de estrategias que permitan integrar acciones de mitigación de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y promover la economía campesina local.

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Almacenamiento de carbono en sistemas agroforestales en los Llanos Orientales de Colombia

Hernández-Núñez¹,

Andrade²,

Suárez³

et al. 2021

RBT

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“…S1, Supporting Information). Furthermore, we rotate an external environmental variable (AGB) along the first multidimensional dimension of NMDS using the "MDSrotate" function (Oksanen et al 2018;Villa et al 2018Villa et al , 2020b. The NMDS functions belong to vegan package (Oksanen et al 2018).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is substantial evidence to support this hypothesis based on the communityweighted trait mean (CWM) to explain AGB (Ali et al 2017;Villa et al 2020a). These researches have demonstrated that under MRH the CWM of different trait values of a few dominant species determines AGB in secondary forests (Lohbeck et al 2015(Lohbeck et al , 2016Ali et al 2017;Poorter et al 2017;Villa et al 2020b). For example, the dominant species are abundant or present some hard functional trait (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, functional composition can be a predictor of AGB stock variability in secondary forests succession, along with abiotic factors (i.e. soil fertility and texture properties variability) and stand structural attributes (Poorter et al 2017(Poorter et al , 2019Villa et al 2020b). In this sense, soil fertility can shape nutrient resource availability (Paoli et al 2005), and this availability triggers faster plant growth (Russo et al 2005;Quesada et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional composition enhances aboveground biomass stock undergoing active forest restoration on mining tailings in Mariana, Brazil

Campanharo

Martins

Villa

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

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Functional composition is an important driver of aboveground biomass (AGB) variation in the tropical forest and has been demonstrated through the mass ratio hypotheses (MRH) that explain how dominant species and their functional traits have an important role in the AGB increase. We hypothesized that AGB stock of tree species is promoted by the simultaneous effects of restoration treatments and Technosol quality through functional trait composition. We tested the main effects of taxonomic, stand structural, functional attributes and abiotic factors undergoing different restoration methods (planting of nursery-grown seedlings, seeding, and natural regeneration) and the effect of Technosol fertilization on AGB using different linear models. The functional traits were based on the community-weighted mean of the community of values of functional traits related to MRH. Stems and biomass distribution were categorized into the following functional groups: successional strategy, dispersal syndrome, nitrogen fixation, wood density (WD). As expected, during early restoration stage, the pioneer and anemochoric species were dominants mainly represented by naturally regenerated stems. However, the autochoric dispersal and nitrogen-fixing tree species were biomass dominant groups in active restoration, driven mostly by Senna alata which had high abundance and WD. We found that high WD and active restoration methods determine higher AGB stock on mining tailings where natural regeneration is limited. We conclude that functional composition reverses the effects of species richness and abundance on AGB tenting the MRH. Therefore, the effects of functional composition and restoration methods are key predictors on ecosystem functioning during forest restoration.

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The Shifting Cultivation Juggernaut: An Attribution Problem

2022

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Shifting cultivation entails clearing a delimited land and transforming it into arable land. Owing to its complexity, this system has been a subject of debate and intervention since the colonial‐era, and is often considered as the “tropical deforestation culprit.” Shifting cultivators are often labeled as “forest eaters” and are considered backward and primitive. Opponents of shifting cultivation often attribute the loss of forest cover to shifting cultivation, and favor intensification, claiming that commercial plantations are more productive. However, attempts to replace it have often failed due to inadequate understanding of the system and the decision‐making processes involved. On the other hand, a growing body of literature provides evidence that shifting cultivation is an ecologically and economically efficient practice. After a careful review of the literature, the authors conclude that the dichotomy of opinions is the consequence of the attribution problem. The authors also argue that the management of forest ecosystems will be challenging if policy and practice are not based on careful understanding of the power of this age‐old practice. Hence, there is a need for a careful diagnosis of this system and a rethink before claiming that the system is unsustainable and attempting to replace it with practices such as plantations.

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Policy forum: Shifting cultivation and agroforestry in the Amazon: Premises for REDD+

Cited by 44 publications

References 93 publications

Almacenamiento de carbono en sistemas agroforestales en los Llanos Orientales de Colombia

Almacenamiento de carbono en sistemas agroforestales en los Llanos Orientales de Colombia

Functional composition enhances aboveground biomass stock undergoing active forest restoration on mining tailings in Mariana, Brazil

The Shifting Cultivation Juggernaut: An Attribution Problem

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