Polishing to reveal micro-defects on glass

Lapping and Polishing

“…Smooth surfaces are obtained with diamond powders that function superiorly on stock removal and uniform removal of irregularities across a work surface. Cr 2 O 3 powders, which are inferior to the diamond in stock removal, only attack weak parts of the work surface and make emphatic pits or dents in the profile of the surface roughness [22]. Some improvements can be expected by changing polishing materials to relatively hard metals such as tin and copper.…”

“…If high-density atoms are arranged, the peak and valley of the surface roughness will be one-tenth or one-hundredth of the atomic diameter. Although the surface roughness is different depending on the work [22] materials, the peak and valley of the surface roughness on a super-smooth mirror surface is expected to be small.…”

Glass alteration in the process of long-term corrosion caused by internal stress: A comparative study of degraded and intact domains in 19th century semi-opaque turquoise glass seed beads using micro-FTIR spectroscopy and SEM

“…It is commonly known that, as a result of sample grinding and polishing during the treatment, numerous extended micro defects, such as, e.g., micro scratches, micro cracks, micro voids, digs or pits, etc. [57], are generated in the near-surface layers that form a damaged layer [58], which can be quite thick (it penetrates to the depth of tens micrometers in some materials [59]). Besides, additional non-uniformly distributed internal stress is introduced by this processing into the near-surface 10 Note that the characteristic dimensions a of the light scatterers (they were estimated as a 150 nm in Ref.…”

A Novel System for Analysis of Surface Profiles from 3-D Components Using the Dickinson Rotating Ring Contact Profiler

“…There are a number of methods for measuring the surface roughness of components including optical techniques such as classical interferometry, holographic interferometry, speckle techniques and white light interferometry (Lu et al, 2007;Norskov, 1984;Stewart et al, 2002) as well as mechanical techniques (Cockeram & Wilson, 2001). In this paper we focus employing the Taylor Hobson Talysurf for measuring surface roughness (Bacchetta et al, 1997;Cockeram & Wilson, 2001;Kasai et al, 1994;Kimura et al, 1998). This instrument employs a mechanical transducer known as the stylus which moves across the x-axis of the surface of a component and its vertical movement is recorded to obtain the surface profile.…”