Political change and the welfare state: The case of health and food policies in Mexico (1970–1993)

Brachet-Márquez, Viviane; Sherraden, Margaret S.

doi:10.1016/0305-750x(94)90005-1

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…1 Estas crisis también han estimulado el desarrollo de programas y políticas para preservar la seguridad alimentaria, y han servido como instrumento alterno a la reforma agraria para contener la movilización de grupos organizados que ejercen presión para la obtención de mejoras en sus condiciones de vida. 2,3 Los programas y políticas alimentarios en México guardan una estrecha relación con la estabilidad nacional a partir de la Revolución de 1910, motivada en parte por una fuerte demanda de repartición de tierras, que se tradujo en la adopción de una política agraria que atendió en cierta medida dicho problema. Por varias décadas el Estado procuró mantener su hegemonía y legitimidad instrumentando de forma moderada políticas redistributivas, entre las cuales se encontraron diversos proyectos de reforma agraria.…”

Section: Estrategia O Acciónunclassified

“…Asimismo, han sido utilizados por el Estado para contener la movilización social, y han sido transformados para disminuir el gasto social en los programas de ajuste estructural. 2,3,25 Actualmente se sabe mucho más acerca de las causas de desnutrición, las acciones que se pueden llevar a cabo para mejorar el estado nutricional y los efectos que dichas intervenciones tienen en la población, y esto se refleja en los programas y políticas implementados mundialmente (por ejemplo, el énfasis ha cambiado de aumento de peso a aumento de talla para la edad como indicador de me- jora en el estado nutricional infantil, y se ha entendido que las intervenciones son más efectivas cuando incluyen componentes educativos y otras medidas integrales); 26 también se han desarrollado más y mejores métodos y técnicas para realizar evaluaciones y tomar mejores decisiones. 27 El debate sobre alimentación y nutrición ha sido creciente; en la actualidad se cuenta con información útil en el país para comprender mejor las necesidades de salud y el funcionamiento de los programas.…”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

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Políticas y programas de alimentación y nutrición en México

2001

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Section: Estrategia O Acciónunclassified

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

Políticas y programas de alimentación y nutrición en México

2001

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“…However, the programme served as a useful populist vehicle for President Salinas and it is apparent that states where the ruling party was most in need of votes received the lion's share of assistance (Brachet-Marquez, 1994, p. 1304Graham, 1994, p. 286). A clear example of the second approach to social assistance can be found in O Projeto Integrado de NutricaÄo y SauÂde (PINS), which operated in the Brazilian city of Recife between 1978and 1980(Cavalcanti et al, 1984. The project was funded by the state of Pernambuco to provide subsidized foodstus to targeted groups of urban poor.…”

Section: Levels Of Spending and Patterns Of Allocationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failing the needy: public social spending in Latin America

Lloyd‐Sherlock

2000

J. Int. Dev.

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The paper accounts for the failure of public social spending in Latin American to reach poor and vulnerable groups of the population. It considers the level and allocation of expenditure; the distribution of entitlements across the population and the capacity of dierent groups to mobilize these entitlements. Whilst total spending levels compare favourably with other developing regions, only a small share is allocated to programmes with greatest potential for poverty reduction. Poor and vulnerable groups enjoy a much narrower range of entitlements than less needy sections and have greater diculty in mobilizing these entitlements. Recent reform programmes have done little to reduce these inequitable eects.

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“…Such a pattern is probably demonstrated in Mexico where the administration of Carlos Salinas (1988-94) substantially cut the existing, highly inefficient, welfare programmes and established a new governmental structure in their place. Although Brachet-Márquez andSherraden (1994: 1304) are correct in pointing out that it is surprising that a government with such a strong "neoliberal discourse in economic policy" did not dispense with the welfare programme altogether, the new welfare approach was not motivated wholly by charitable goals. The government realized that votes had to be won and welfare expenditure had an important role to play in this regard.…”

Section: Subsidies and Social Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poverty often had severe knock-on effects. In Mexico, for example, "malnutrition and anemia as causes of death among children under one year of age, which had been steadily declining for decades, began to increase again from 1% of all infant deaths in 1980 to 5% in 1988" (Brachet-Márquez and Sherraden 1994: 1301.…”

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confidence: 99%

Poverty and Social Policy in Latin America

Gilbert

1997

Soc Policy Adm

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Most indicators of human development in LatinAmerica improved considerably until the early 1980s. Unfortunately, the debt crisis which hit most countries in the region during the 1980s badly dented the social record. Not only did it increase the number of people living in poverty but it led to a profound change in the nature of the development model. Neo-liberal economic thought and the lessons of the debt crisis convinced one Latin American state after another that it should follow a different development path.Economic stabilization and structural adjustment had a profound effect on poverty in the region. Most families became poorer, particularly those living in the cities. Structural adjustment and the new economic model also modified the role of the state. Increasingly, Latin American governments stopped giving general subsidies and introduced a strategy of targeting subsidies at the poor. In places, the new strategy will no doubt provide an adequate safety net, but in others it will fail to provide sufficient help for the poor. All we can predict is that poverty will long remain regrettably common in most parts of Latin America. In places, economic growth will undoubtedly reduce poverty but it is not at all easy to predict where it will be reduced. In this respect Latin America is very much like the rest of the world. Globalization has opened up local economies to international competition and offered them the prospect of selling local goods to foreign markets. How many Latin American economies will benefit from the new situation will determine how the poor will fare. Unfortunately, the state's ability to deal with any subsequent poverty has been greatly reduced. That, too, is part and parcel of the process of globalization.Latin America is neither one of the richest nor one of the poorest regions of the world. While it is often placed in the so-called third world, table 1 shows that in terms of per capita income, life expectancy, infant mortality, adult literacy and access to water, Latin America is much more "developed"

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Political change and the welfare state: The case of health and food policies in Mexico (1970–1993)

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Políticas y programas de alimentación y nutrición en México

Políticas y programas de alimentación y nutrición en México

Failing the needy: public social spending in Latin America

Poverty and Social Policy in Latin America

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