Political realism and epistemic democracy: An international perspective

Abstract

The article joins the current debate between epistemic and procedural democrats in contemporary democratic theory and aims to put epistemic democracy on a more secure footing. Yet, unlike those who explore the question from the bottom-up by analyzing the relationship between “truth” and the “fact of disagreement” within the context of domestic political discourse, I adopt a top-down approach animated by political realism and situate democracy within the actual world that we live in: a competitive ecology of states and regimes. The article thus has two purposes. For those who are interested in the recent revival of realism in political theory, it shows how it can be combined with both the epistemic paradigm in democratic theory and the realist research program in international relations, including the neo-positivist strand that has dominated the field over the past four decades. And for those who see themselves as epistemic democrats, it provides a powerful realist argument to defend their conception of democratic authority against criticisms made by procedural democrats.

Meritocracy in the Political and Economic Spheres

“…Those who govern are at risk of becoming hubristic if they are granted office based on having been recommended by official committees (Brennan & Landemore, 2021, pp. 197–98, Tong, 2018). Those excluded are at risk of becoming resentful or despondent about having been judged politically inept (Sandel, 2020:ch.1).…”