Pólitísk markaðsfjölmiðlun

Abstract

, dósent í fjölmiðlafraeði við hug-og félagsvísinda-svið Háskólans á Akureyri ÚtdrátturFlokksfjölmiðlun þreifst hér á landi fram undir síðustu aldamót og sú umbreyting sem Blumler & Kavanagh (1999) kölluðu "Þriðja skeið pólitískrar boð-miðlunar" og felst m.a. í aukinni sérfraeðiþekkingu í boðmiðlun innan stjórn-málaflokka og mikilli fagvaeðingu blaðamannastéttarinnar og fjölmiðla, hefur haft styttri tíma til að þroskast en raunin var víða í nágrannalöndunum. Í þessari grein eru birtar niðurstöður úr frambjóðendakönnun sem gerð var meðal frambjóðenda allra stjórnmálaflokka í öllum kjördaemum fyrir Alþingiskosningarnar 2013. Niðurstöðurnar sýna með afgerandi haetti að íslenskir stjórnmálamenn hafa litla tiltrú á fagmennsku blaðamanna, óhaeði fjölmiðla gagnvart stjórnmála-flokkum og þeirri óhlutdraegni sem alla jafna er talin fylgja markaðsvaeðingu og umbreytingu frá ytri yfir í innri fjölbreytni í fjölmiðlun (Hallin og Mancini, 2004). Þvert á móti virðast stjórnmálamenn sjá íslenskan fjölmiðlamarkað í póli-tísku ljósi þar sem flokksmiðlun og ytri fjölbreytni er áberandi mikilvaeg. Leidd eru rök að því að þessar niðurstöður styðji að til hafi orðið kerfi "pólitískrar markaðsfjölmiðlunar" á Íslandi, m.a. vegna mikillar sögulegrar nálaegðar flokksfjölmiðlunar, bernsku í fagvaeðingu blaðamannastéttarinnar, fárra og frjálslegra reglna um fjölmiðlamarkaðinn, mikillar samþjöppunar eignarhalds á fjölmiðlum og samkrulls eigendavalds og flokkspólitíkur.Efnisorð: Pólitísk boðmiðlun; pólitísk slagsíða; fagleg fjölmiðlun; stjórnmál og fjölmiðlar; viðhorf stjórnmálamanna.

Journalistic professionalism in Iceland: A framework for analysis and an assessment

“…An important characteristic of Iceland is the perception of political connections between owners of traditional media and certain political parties, and also low confidence in professionalism and impartiality of almost all major news outlets. The transformation, occurring around the turn of the century, from party political media system to a market media system, has thus been coloured by politics, and the system accordingly described as a 'political market media system' (Gudmundsson, 2013d). The recently abandoned party political media environment in Iceland thus carries over into the current era of market media and infiltrates the perception of traditional media and their news values.…”

“…The recently abandoned party political media environment in Iceland thus carries over into the current era of market media and infiltrates the perception of traditional media and their news values. One of the most significant characteristics of the 'political market media' is the distrust (mainly of politicians) in professionalism and impartiality of the traditional media, and a disbelief that the system of market media has created what is referred to in the literature as 'internal pluralism' as opposed to 'external pluralism' (Gudmundsson, 2013d;Hallin and Mancini, 2004).…”

“…In the mid-1960s, the Ethical Code and Ethics Committee were first established, and in the following decades a number of measures were taken by BÍ to support independent journalism. This process went hand in hand with the loosening of political parallelism in the Icelandic media, as party-based media was slowly giving way to market-driven media under the ideology of objective, independent journalism (Gudmundsson, 2007(Gudmundsson, , 2013d.…”

News consumption patterns in Iceland

“…State intervention has been limited to the public broadcasting system and the press left entirely to market forces (Karlsson, 2004). Some scholars have suggested that Iceland is better described as a hybrid or mixed case, rather than as a member of the Nordic media model (Guðmundsson, 2013;Jóhannsdóttir, 2019).…”

“…This issue warrants further investigation. There are indications that political parallelism is a stronger feature of the Icelandic media system than in its Nordic counterparts (Guðmundsson, 2013;Jóhannsdóttir & Ólafsson, 2018), but this does not seem to have led to a wider use of alternative news and information sources, as Peruško and colleagues (2015) suggest could be the case in some Eastern European countries. Icelanders do, however, on average use more outlets to access news than people in the other Nordic countries.…”