Polityka migracyjna Polski wobec zjawiska nielegalnej migracji. Przykład granicy polsko-białoruskiej

Abstract

The state’s migration policy is a critical component of migration management. It defines the conditions for the entry, stay, and departure of foreigners and regulates several other areas crucial for the state’s socio-economic development. A characteristic feature of migration policy is that it does not explain the causes of migration but rather responds to them. Increasing migration flows require the state to take action in the realm of migration management. One important aspect of migration management is combating irregular migration, the uncontrolled nature of which can pose a threat to state security. The purpose of this article is to present Poland’s migration policy and its significance in ensuring the security of citizens in the context of counteracting illegal immigration. Legal and institutional instruments employed in addressing this form of migration are discussed. Additionally, based on statistical data published by the Border Guard, the scale of illegal immigration at the Polish-Belarusian border between 2015 and 2023 is estimated. The article also highlights the importance of artificially induced migration pressure orchestrated by the Alexander Lukashenko regime in relation to the security of Poland and the European Union. The situation at the Polish-Belarusian border, involving the instrumental use of migrants, is examined as an element of hybrid warfare.