Pollen, Allergies and Adaptation

Sofiev, Mikhail; Bousquet, Jean; Linkosalo, Tapio; Ranta, Hanna; Rantio-Lehtimäki, A.; Siljamo, Pilvi; Valovirta, Erkka; Damialis, Athanasios

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8921-3_5

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…An illustration of such an impact has been presented (Sofiev et al 2008a); it was shown that during a one-day episode on 7 June, 2005, pollen from Finnish and Swedish Lapland reached Denmark and Germany (these model simulations were in good agreement with the pollen observations of the European Aeroallergen Network). In the current analysis, we have not identified other similar cases with certainty, but the temporally long periods of non-zero pollen concentrations after the local flowering during summer in Moscow may originate in such events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Sources, impact and exchange of early-spring birch pollen in the Moscow region and Finland

et al. 2008

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The paper presents an assessment of birch pollen seasons in Finland and Russia. The re-analysis covered the period from 1994 to 2005 and was focused on suspected long-range transport events that were recorded both in Moscow and at several Finnish sites. In order to trace the origin of airborne pollen before the onset of local pollination, we used both aerobiological and phenological observations combined with forward and adjoint (inverse) dispersion model simulations. It is shown that, although the Moscow region is surrounded by extensive birch forests, it still receives substantial amounts of foreign pollen before local pollination. In the Moscow region, the sources of long-range-transported pollen are in the south and south-west, sometimes even in the east. In Finland, there are frequently cases, before the local flowering season, in which Finnish territory receives Russian pollen; however in the opposite direction, from Finland to the Moscow region, no transport episodes were unequivocally registered. Analysis of the end of the seasons was more problematic, due to contributions to pollen observations from local sources; this results in difficulties in the reliable identification of the long-range transport episodes. Apart from its short-term effects on the pollen seasons, long-range transport can have substantial impacts on the exchange of genetic material within Europe. A quick atmospheric pathway for gene transport can be important for adaptation of plants to a changing climate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Sources, impact and exchange of early-spring birch pollen in the Moscow region and Finland

et al. 2008

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“…To date, some of the main causative factors for these changes have been considered air pollutants and higher air temperatures associated with global warming, or urbanisation rates and land use changes (e.g. Voltolini et al 2000;Sofiev et al 2009).…”

Section: Climate Change Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, a very large number of factors are expected (but not limited) to be influenced by climate change (anthropogenic or not) and together to contribute to the exacerbated provocation of allergic symptoms in sensitised individuals. There was an extensive review by Sofiev et al in 2009 where the authors discuss plant-induced human allergy, from plant pollination and pollen dispersion to modelling and forecasting of airborne pollen concentrations. The following are some of the factors thought to be most important, although the list cannot be exhaustive:…”

Section: Climate Change Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Pollen Allergies

Damialis

Traidl‐Hoffmann

Treudler

2019

Biodiversity and Health in the Face of Climate Change

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This chapter reviews the emerging importance of pollen allergies in relation to ongoing climate change. Allergic diseases have been increasing in prevalence over the last decades, partly as the result of the impact of climate change. Increased sensitisation rates and more severe symptoms have been the partial outcome of: increased pollen production of wind-pollinated plants resulting in longterm increased abundance of pollen in the air we breathe; earlier shifts of airborne pollen seasons making occurrence of allergic symptoms harder to predict and deal with efficiently; increased allergenicity of pollen causing more severe health effects in allergic individuals; introduction of new, invasive allergenic plant species causing new sensitisations; environment-environment interactions, such as plants and hosted microorganisms, i.e. fungi and bacteria, which comprise a complex and dynamic system, with additive, presently unforeseeable influences on human health;

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“…Pollen emissions depend on meteorology and season (e.g. Sofiev et al, 2009a) and have an impact on visibility. Pollen emissions are included in Enviro-HIRLAM (birch), COSMO-ART (birch and grass) and METRAS (oak).…”

Section: Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

et al. 2014

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Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. A. Baklanov et al.: Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in EuropeAbstract. Online coupled mesoscale meteorology atmospheric chemistry models have undergone a rapid evolution in recent years. Although mainly developed by the air quality modelling community, these models are also of interest for numerical weather prediction and regional climate modelling as they can consider not only the effects of meteorology on air quality, but also the potentially important effects of atmospheric composition on weather. Two ways of online coupling can be distinguished: online integrated and online access coupling. Online integrated models simulate meteorology and chemistry over the same grid in one model using one main time step for integration. Online access models use independent meteorology and chemistry modules that might even have different grids, but exchange meteorology and chemistry data on a regular and frequent basis. This article offers a comprehensive review of the current research status of online coupled meteorology and atmospheric chemistry modelling within Europe. Eighteen regional online coupled models developed or being used in Europe are described and compared. Topics discussed include a survey of processes relevant to the interactions between atmospheric physics, dynamics and composition; a brief overview of existing online mesoscale models and European model developments; an analysis on how feedback processes are treated in these models; numerical issues associated with coupled models; and several case studies and model performance evaluation methods. Finally, this article highlights selected scientific issues and emerging challenges that require proper consideration to improve the reliability and usability of these models for the three scientific communities: air quality, numerical meteorology modelling (including weather prediction) and climate modelling. This review will be of particular interest to model developers and users in all three fields as it presents a synthesis of scientific progress and provides recommendations for future research directions and priorities in the development, application and evaluation of online coupled models.

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Pollen, Allergies and Adaptation

Cited by 14 publications

References 148 publications

Sources, impact and exchange of early-spring birch pollen in the Moscow region and Finland

Sources, impact and exchange of early-spring birch pollen in the Moscow region and Finland

Climate Change and Pollen Allergies

Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

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