Pollen competition in a natural population of <i>Cucurbita foetidissima</i> (Cucurbitaceae)

Winsor, James A.; Peretz, Shani; Stephenson, Andrew G.

doi:10.2307/2656596

Cited by 91 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As fl ores de Cucurbita sp. abrem-se antes ou logo após o nascer do sol e duram somente um dia (Winsor et al 2000, Nepi et al 2001. Nos locais de estudo as fl ores já estavam abertas às 5:00h da manhã e fechavam-se entre 11:00h e 12:00h.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Polinização entomófila de abobrinha, Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)

Serra¹,

Campos²

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-The objectives of this work were to determine the squash entomofauna in the region of Viçosa, Minas Gerais state, to study their behavior on fl owers and their importance for pollination, verifying the role of each pollinator. The most common species were Trigona spinipes (Fabricius), Trigona hyalinata (Lepeletier), Apis mellifera (L.) and Melipona quadrifasciata (Lepeletier). The visitation behavior of A. mellifera, M. quadrifasciata, and Bombus morio (Swederus) were similar. They visited fl owers for nectar collection, positioning themselves vertically between the corolla and the sexual structures of the fl owers, with the back directed toward the fl oral axis, which permitted the removal of pollen from the anthers of fl owers with stamens and its deposition on the stigma of fl owers with pistils, being considered therefore effective pollinators. Trigona spinipes and T. hyalinata foraged in groups, preventing other species from landing on the fl owers which they occupied. Due to their small body size and only infrequent contact with the sexual structures of the fl owers, these species are considered occasional pollinators. The number of fruits produced differed between freely visited fl owers, those prevented from receiving visits and those visited only a single time by M. quadrifasciata, B. morio, A. mellifera, T. hyalinata or T. spinipes. Flowers prevented from receiving visits or visited only once by T. spinipes did not produce fruits. The remaining pollination systems led to fruitifi cation, with open pollination or a single visit from either M. quadrifasciata or B. morio leading to most fruit production.

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Section: Methodsunclassified

Polinização entomófila de abobrinha, Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)

Serra¹,

Campos²

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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“…Indirect inference on the occurrence of multiple paternity in the field can also be drawn by observing pollinator behaviour (e.g. Winsor et al 2000), or by measuring increase in variance in seed mass within seed families following multiple-donor pollinations as a circumstantial indication of multiple-donor siring within fruits (e.g. Bañuelos & Obeso 2003).…”

Section: Multiple Paternity In Natural Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed paternity in flowering plants: an evolutionary perspective

Bernasconi

2003

Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics

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the male function. Also, paternity can be the end result of competition for fertilization among pollen from one or several donors, selection processes occurring between pollen deposition and fertilization, and post-zygotic events such as seed abortion.Pre-zygotic competition and selection processes in flowering plants are relevant under several aspects (e.g. Snow & Lewis 1993;Delph & Havens 1998 AbstractThe ultimate importance of paternal contributions to fitness and of post-pollination selection in flowering plants have remained elusive, largely because of the technical difficulty of assigning paternity. I review empirical studies that use heritable markers to investigate per-fruit seed paternity in natural populations and after experimental multiple-donor pollination. Thirty-one studies covering 23 species from 16 plant families document that in natural populations seeds from a single fruit are often fathered by multiple pollen donors (5 species from 5 families), that donors can differ significantly in seed-siring success (8 species from 6 families), that variation in pollen tube growth rates can be heritable (n = 1 out of 4 studies), that donor and recipient genotypes can simultaneously affect paternity (n = 2), and that temporal order of pollen deposition (n = 1) and environmental effects (n = 2) affect the outcome of pollen competition. These studies also investigate the role of post-pollination selection in the avoidance of inbreeding and for species boundaries. Most studies of male reproductive success in plants to date base on isozyme electrophoresis. The availability in the last decade of highly polymorphic molecular markers such as microsatellite DNA has been expected to open new possibilities to investigate competition and selection during the gametophytic phase. Yet, to date, there is still need for greater data wealth on seed paternity to test theories of sex allocation and to gain deeper understanding of floral trait evolution and of the evolutionary consequences of post-pollination selection in flowering plants.

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“…Dessa maneira, espécies com numerosos óvulos, como Momordica charantia, requerem agentes polinizadores que possuam a capacidade de transportar grande quantidade de grãos de pólen. Em se tratando de cucurbitáceas, o tamanho e a qualidade da carga de grãos de pólen é fundamental na formação e desenvolvimento de frutos e sementes (Winsor et al 2000, Montes-Hernandez & Eguiarte 2002, Cardoso 2003. De acordo com Ramírez (1995), as espécies que apresentam ovários com numerosos óvulos são preferencialmente, polinizadas pelo vento, abelhas, moscas, besouros, pássaros e morcegos, sendo que, quando na presença do vento, de coleópteros e lepidópteros as taxas de abortamento apresentam-se inferiores às demais síndromes de floração.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…e Bombus morio foram polinizadores eventuais, apesar de terem sido capturados poucos indivíduos. Os Apoidea são tidos como polinizadores eficazes de diversas populações naturais de cucurbitáceas (Costich & Meagher 1992, Winsor et al 2000, Marchini et al 2001, Rust et al 2003, bem como de espécies cultivadas desta família (Amaral 1979, Montez-Hernandes & Eguiarte 2002, Cardoso 2003. O presente estudo foi realizado em uma área antropizada, com sua composição florística profundamente descaracterizada.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Em geral, trabalhos com cucurbitáceas abordam aspectos agronômicos e farmáco-terapêuticos, sendo escassos aqueles com enfoque ecológico. Normalmente, para frutificarem, as cucurbitáceas necessitam da atuação de insetos para o sucesso da polinização, em especial de abelhas (Amaral 1979, Winsor et al 2000, Montes-Hernandez & Eguiarte 2002, Rust et al 2003, como, por exemplo, o melão (Cucumis melo L.), os pepinos (Cucumis sativus L. e Ecballium elaterium L.) e as abóboras (Cucurbita maxima Duch. e Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Ecologia da polinização de Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), em Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

2005

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-(Pollination ecology of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil). Bitter melon is a monoecious and ruderal species of economic interest. The knowledge of its reproductive mechanisms is important for its conservation and management. The species floral biology, reproductive phenology, pollination, and breeding system were studied. The species has diclinous flowers, with diurnal anthesis. The period of flowering lasted around 100 days and its peak occurred in October. In the beginning of the flowering the species presents dicogamy of the protandry type. The female flowers do not produce nectar, while the male flowers produce nectar during the entire period of anthesis. There was identified a mimicry of the male flowers by the female flowers. Fruit formation occurred through crossed-pollination and self-pollination. The number of seeds in the fruits did not differ (H = 1.13; P > 0.05) among the type of pollination. The relation seed/egg was in the order of 80%. All floral visitors collected and observed on the flowers belong to the class Insecta. Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) was the most abundant species (40%) and the main pollinator of Momordica charantia in the study area. Other insects, however, as bees (Apoidea) and butterflies (Hesperiidae and Pieridae), were also observed in the flowers and can contribute as pollinators.Key words -bitter melon, breeding system, floral biology, pollination RESUMO -(Ecologia da polinização de Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), em Florianópolis, SC, Brasil). O melão-desão-caetano é uma espécie monóica e ruderal de interesse econômico. O conhecimento de seus mecanismos reprodutivos é fundamental para a sua conservação e manejo. Foram estudados a biologia floral, a fenologia reprodutiva, a polinização e o sistema de reprodução da espécie. A espécie possui flores diclinas, com antese diurna. O período de floração dura em torno de 100 dias e seu pico ocorre em outubro. No início da floração a espécie apresenta dicogamia do tipo protandria. As flores femininas não produzem néctar, tendo sido identificado mimetismo das flores masculinas pelas femininas. As flores masculinas produziram néctar durante todo o período de antese. Houve formação de frutos por fecundação cruzada e autopolinização. O número de sementes presentes nos frutos não diferiu (H = 1,13; P > 0,05). A relação sementes/óvulos foi da ordem de 80%. Todos os visitantes florais coletados e observados pertencem à Classe Insecta. Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) foi a espécie mais abundante (40%) e o principal polinizador de Momordica charantia na área de estudo. Outros insetos, como abelhas (Apoidea) e lepidópteros (Hesperiidae e Pieridae), também visitaram as flores e podem contribuir na polinização.Palavras-chave -biologia floral, melão-de-são-caetano, polinização, sistema reprodutivo

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Pollen competition in a natural population of Cucurbita foetidissima (Cucurbitaceae)

Cited by 91 publications

References 27 publications

Polinização entomófila de abobrinha, Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)

Polinização entomófila de abobrinha, Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)

Seed paternity in flowering plants: an evolutionary perspective

Ecologia da polinização de Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), em Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

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