Pollen grain development is highly sensitive to temperature stress in<i>V</i><i>itis vinifera</i>

Pereira, H. Sofia; Delgado, Margarida; Avó, Ana Patrícia; Barão, Augusta; Serrano, Isa; Viegas, Wanda

doi:10.1111/ajgw.12105

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…In this regard, the development of objective, accurate and rapid cost-effective methods for the high-throughput evaluation of pollen viability will be helpful in different palynological areas, including genetics research, crop improvement and breeding studies [ 17 ]. In addition, it will be useful to evaluate the effect of storage on pollen viability and longevity in genebanks [ 26 ], and to assess the effect of different environmental factors on pollen performance [ 27 ]. Although image based technologies have been already applied in palynological analyses [ 28 – 30 ], their use has been mainly restricted to the automatic counting of pollen grains of several plant species, mostly for their morphological classification according to predefined categories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new image-based tool for the high throughput phenotyping of pollen viability: evaluation of inter- and intra-cultivar diversity in grapevine

et al. 2018

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BackgroundLow pollen viability may limit grapevine yield under certain conditions, causing relevant economic losses to grape-growers. It is usually evaluated by the quantification of the number of viable and non-viable pollen grains that are present in a sample after an adequate pollen grain staining procedure. Although the manual counting of both types of grains is the simplest and most sensitive approach, it is a laborious and time-demanding process. In this regard, novel image-based approaches can assist in the objective, accurate and cost-effective phenotyping of this trait.ResultsHere, we introduce PollenCounter, an open-source macro implemented as a customizable Fiji tool for the high-throughput phenotyping of pollen viability. This tool splits RGB images of stained pollen grains into its primary channels, retaining red and green color fractionated images (which contain information on total and only viable pollen grains, respectively) for the subsequent isolation and counting of the regions of interest (pollen grains). This framework was successfully used for the analysis of pollen viability of a high number of samples collected in a large collection of grapevine cultivars. Results revealed a great genetic variability, from cultivars having very low pollen viability (like Corinto Bianco; viability: 14.1 ± 1.3%) to others with a very low presence of sterile pollen grains (Cuelga; viability: 98.2 ± 0.5%). A wide range of variability was also observed among several clones of cv. Tempranillo Tinto (from 97.9 ± 0.9 to 60.6 ± 5.9%, in the first season). Interestingly, the evaluation of this trait in a second season revealed differential genotype-specific sensitivity to environment.ConclusionsThe use of PollenCounter is expected to aid in different areas, including genetics research studies, crop improvement and breeding strategies that need of fast, precise and accurate results. Considering its flexibility, it can be used not only in grapevine, but also in other species showing a differential staining of viable and non-viable pollen grains. The wide phenotypic diversity observed at a species level, together with the identification of specific cultivars and clones largely differing in this trait, pave the way of further analyses aimed to understand the physiological and genetic causes driving to male sterility in grapevine.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13007-017-0267-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new image-based tool for the high throughput phenotyping of pollen viability: evaluation of inter- and intra-cultivar diversity in grapevine

et al. 2018

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“…In contrast, high temperature during the flowering to berry set period can also affect grapevine reproductive performance. It has been suggested that heat stress during reproductive development reduces ovule fertility (Kliewer ), and pollen viability and germination capacity (Pereira et al ), factors that compromise successful fruitset. As an example, Kliewer () found that a temperature over 35°C during the flowering to berry set period decreased the proportion of berry set in Pinot Noir and Carignane vines.…”

Section: Which Factors Affect Bunch Compactness?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What do we know about grapevine bunch compactness? A state-of-the-art review

Tello

Ibáñez

2017

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

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Bunch compactness (or density) is a grapevine specific trait that affects the commercial quality and sanitary status of wine and tablegrapes. Compact bunches are more susceptible to diverse pests and diseases such as Botrytis bunch rot and their berries ripen more heterogeneously, causing important economic losses through a reduction in crop yield and grape and wine quality. Bunch compactness is determined by the fraction of the morphological volume of the bunch that is filled by berries, but this simple definition contrasts sharply with the difficulty to measure it. While there are several objective and quantitative methods available to measure bunch compactness, the lack of a consistent approach between researchers makes comparing measurements difficult. The complexity of bunch compactness initially arises from the several bunch and berry traits that influence it, and from the distinct effects that these traits may cause in different cultivars. In addition to this genetic effect, diverse environmental signals impact on bunch compactness by affecting those primary factors that contribute to the solid component of the bunch (berry number, berry size) or to its spatial arrangement (rachis architecture). Last, several viticultural approaches, including agronomic techniques and growth regulators, have also proven to affect bunch compactness in different ways. This review aims to discuss present knowledge about this relevant grapevine trait.

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“…However, the ongoing climate changes may induce future alterations in grapevine varieties selected for a specific region; scion -graft combinations; and/or viticulture management activities (Parker et al, 2013;Duchêne et al, 2016). Despite the usual growing of grapevine above its optimal temperature (Pereira et al, 2014), the forecasted global warming coupled with water and irradiation stresses will have an outermost relevance in viticulture by reducing grape yield and wine quality (Chaves et al, 2002), and in the winemaking sector, mainly in Europe, where the optimal grapevine growing areas will move northward (Fraga et al, 2013(Fraga et al, , 2015a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One suitable long-term strategy to mitigate the negative consequences of high temperatures in viticulture will be the genetic improvement towards the selection of grapevine varieties more tolerant to HS. Cytogenetics is an important tool of plant genetic breeding, and it could be helpful in the selection of grapevine genotypes with that purpose (Pereira et al, 2014;Carvalho et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the available cytogenetic studies performed in grapevine relied on the determination of the chromosome number in different Vitis species and V. vinifera varieties, karyotyping, physical location of ribosomal DNA loci and/or nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) positively stained with silver nitrate (Ag-NORs) or on the evaluation of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes expression in different varieties and tissues (leaves and roots) (Haas et al, 1994;Haas and Alleweldt 2000;Pinto-Maglio et al, 2010;Pierozzi 2011;Pierozzi and Moura 2016;Castro et al, 2018). Other cytogenetic studies focused the meiotic behaviour of some grapevine varieties through the evaluation of pollen viability/ fertility and germination in natural and stressful conditions (Da Silva et al, 2001;Pereira et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat stress tolerance assayed in four wine-producing grapevine varieties using a cytogenetic approach

Carvalho

Leal

Matos

et al. 2019

Ciência Téc. Vitiv.

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The degree of tolerance to heat stress (HS) differs among grapevine varieties. HS affects the duration and the regularity of the cell cycle in plants. The cytogenetic studies in grapevine are scarce, and the consequences of HS in the mitosis are barely known. This work intends to evaluate the consequences of induced HS in the mitotic cell cycle and chromosomes of four wine-producing varieties: Touriga Franca (TF), Touriga Nacional (TN), Rabigato and Viosinho using a cytogenetic approach. HS (1h at 42 ºC) was induced in plants of the four grapevine varieties that grew in vitro for 11 months. Plants of the same varieties and with equal age were used as control (maintained in vitro at 25 ºC). Three plants per variety and treatment (control and HS) were analysed. After HS, root-tips were collected in all plants and immediately fixed to be used for the preparation of mitotic chromosome spreads. In total, 6,116 root-tip cells were scored. Among the 5,973 dividing cells, 24.33% showed different types of irregularities in all mitotic phases (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase). After HS, the mitotic index (MI) decreased in the varieties TF and Viosinho, and increased in TN and Rabigato, relatively to the control. However, the average values of MI did not show statistically significant differences (p ˃ 0.05) among varieties, treatments and for the variety x treatment interaction. The percentage of dividing cells with anomalies (%DCA) increased after HS in all varieties relatively to the control. The average values of %DCA presented statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) only between treatments. As far as we know, this work constitutes the first cytogenetic evaluation of the HS effects in the mitotic cell cycle and chromosomes of grapevine using meristematic cells of root-tips. TN has been considered tolerant to various abiotic stresses (drought and excessive heat and light) based on other methodologies. TF and Viosinho have been referred as tolerant to abiotic stress without deeper studies available, and till the development of our investigation, the sensibility of Rabigato was unknown. Among the varieties analysed in this work, Rabigato revealed to be the less tolerant to HS. This research can be useful for selection of grapevine clones more tolerant to HS for commercialization and for the improvement of the economic sustainability. RESUMOO nível de tolerância ao stresse térmico (HS) difere entre as castas de videira. O HS afeta a duração e a normalidade do ciclo celular nas plantas. Os estudos citogenéticos em videira são escassos, e as consequências do HS na mitose não são inteiramente conhecidas. Este trabalho pretende avaliar as consequências de HS induzido no ciclo celular mitótico de quatro castas produtoras de vinho: Touriga Franca (TF), Touriga Nacional (TN), Rabigato e Viosinho usando uma abordagem citogenética. O HS (1h a 42 ºC) foi induzido em plantas das quatro castas desenvolvidas in vitro durante onze meses. Plantas das mesmas castas e com a mesma idade foram usadas como controlo (mantid...

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Pollen grain development is highly sensitive to temperature stress inVitis vinifera

Cited by 25 publications

References 40 publications

A new image-based tool for the high throughput phenotyping of pollen viability: evaluation of inter- and intra-cultivar diversity in grapevine

A new image-based tool for the high throughput phenotyping of pollen viability: evaluation of inter- and intra-cultivar diversity in grapevine

What do we know about grapevine bunch compactness? A state-of-the-art review

Heat stress tolerance assayed in four wine-producing grapevine varieties using a cytogenetic approach

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