Pollen Rupture and Its Impact on Precipitation in Clean Continental Conditions

Wozniak, M. C.; Solmon, F.; Steiner, Allison L.

doi:10.1029/2018gl077692

Cited by 47 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Skjøth et al (2007) suggest the deposition of grass pollen is 4 times larger than the 1 cm s −1 estimated for birch pollen, and consistent with the 4.3 cm s −1 measured by Durham (1946) on Secale (rye). We will assume that each pollen particle is 35 µm in diameter, spherical and has a density of 1000 kg m −3 , which is consistent with values used by Melbourne-based researchers (de Morton et al, 2011;Knox, 1993), and similar to the grass pollen density used in Zhang et al (2014). A 35 µm particle with a density of 1000 kg m −3 yields a deposition velocity of 4.6 cm s −1 , which is similar to Skjøth et al (2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development and evaluation of pollen source methodologies for the Victorian Grass Pollen Emissions Module VGPEM1.0

Emmerson¹,

Silver²,

Newbigin³

et al. 2019

Geosci. Model Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We present the first representation of grass pollen in a 3-D dispersion model in Australia, tested using observations from eight counting sites in Victoria. The region's population has high rates of allergic rhinitis and asthma, and this has been linked to the high incidence of grass pollen allergy. Despite this, grass pollen dispersion in the Australian atmosphere has not been studied previously, and its source strength is untested. We describe 10 pollen emission source methodologies examining the strengths of different immediate and seasonal timing functions, and the spatial distribution of the sources. The timing function assumes a smooth seasonal term, modulated by an hourly meteorological function. A simple Gaussian representation of the pollen season worked well (average r=0.54), but lacked the spatial and temporal variation that the satellite-derived enhanced vegetation index (EVI) can provide. However, poor results were obtained using the EVI gradient (average r=0.35), which provides the timing when grass turns from maximum greenness to a drying and flowering period; this is due to noise in the spatial and temporal variability from this combined spatial and seasonal term. Better results were obtained using statistical methods that combine elements of the EVI dataset, a smooth seasonal term and instantaneous variation based on historical grass pollen observations (average r=0.69). The seasonal magnitude is inferred from the maximum winter-time EVI, whereas the timing of the season peak is based on the day of the year when the EVI falls to 0.05 below its winter maximum. Measurements are vital to monitor changes in the pollen season, and the new pollen measurement sites in the Victorian network should be maintained.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Recently human exposure to pollen has become a focus, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere (e.g. Sofiev et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2014) and urban areas (Skjøth et al, 2013), such that detailed vegetation taxa maps are being produced for pollen forecasting .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of pollen source methodologies for the Victorian Grass Pollen Emissions Module VGPEM1.0

Emmerson¹,

Silver²,

Newbigin³

et al. 2019

Geosci. Model Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tiny bio-aerosols (about 1 μm diameter or less) containing Bet v1 antigens 1 have been found in the ambient atmosphere likely due to birch pollen grain rupture (Rantio-Lehtimäki et al 1994;Puc et al 2016). Several researchers (Schappi et al 1997;Chathurika et al 2017;Wozniak et al 2018) found that in light rain conditions, tree pollen grain releases antigens or sub-pollen inner particles contained within the grain into the atmosphere. Lacroix (2005) pointed out that laboratory work made by his team revealed that if pollen is exposed to pollution (O 3 , NO 2 , SO 2 ), an increase of the frequency of rupture, pollen surface cracks, or deformation of the exine is observed which facilitate the release of allergens (Traidl-Hoffmann et al 2003).…”

Section: Impact Of Birch (Betula Spp) Pollen and Its Allergensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…showed the importance of rain in the release of Bet v1 allergen from the birch pollen grain. Overall, three specific factors are favorable to pollen rupture and release of tiny bio-aerosols: high relative humidity (Miguel et al 2006;Zhou 2014) or rain (Schappi et al 1997;Chathurika et al 2017;Wozniak et al 2018), presence of pollution (Lacroix 2005), and the presence of enhanced atmospheric electrical field (Vaidyanathan et al 2006). These factors can work in synergy and can occur in the atmosphere under various conditions.…”

Section: Impact Of Birch (Betula Spp) Pollen and Its Allergensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental factors and asthma hospitalization in Montreal, Canada, during spring 2006–2008: a synergy perspective

Robichaud

Comtois

2019

Air Qual Atmos Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study is to analyze the synergy between environmental factors (pollutant, allergenic birch pollen, weather) and its relationship with asthma hospitalization in Montreal, Canada. The data is stratified into weather types and the study restricted to spring season to limit the impact of multiple confounders. Results shows that the daily count of asthma hospitalization (spring 2006-2008) in situation of warm fronts or trowals (daily average of 3.78 counts, CI 95% 2.95-4.61) was much higher (p < 0.001) than in other situations (2.49 counts, CI 95% 2.37-2.71). Moreover, the explained variance of asthma hospitalization due to air pollution rises from about less than 7% (in the case of no stratification) to about 28% (R = 0.53, p < 0.05 with stratification). Statistical tests for interaction and overall results point towards a synergy between environmental factors which exacerbates asthma. A new concept named frontal asthma is proposed to explain several results found here and in the open literature.

show abstract

“…The process of re-entrainment of pollen grains once they are deposited to the ground is not considered, nor is the rupturing process that releases the allergenic contents of the grains -present on small starch particles. Whilst the impacts of pollen rupturing on numbers of cloud condensation nuclei has been investigated by Wozniak et al (2018), ruptured pollen grains are not routinely monitored in Victoria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of pollen source methodologies for the Victorian Grass Pollen Emissions Module VGPEM1.0

Emmerson¹,

Silver²,

Newbigin³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We present the first representation of grass pollen in a 3D dispersion model anywhere in Australia, tested using observations from eight counting sites in Victoria. The region's population has high rates of allergic rhinitis and asthma, and this has been linked to the high incidence of grass pollen allergy. Despite this, grass pollen dispersion in the Australian atmosphere has not been studied previously, and its source strength is untested. We describe ten pollen emission source methodologies examining the strengths of different immediate and seasonal timing functions, and spatial distribution of the sources. The timing function assumes a smooth seasonal term, modulated by an hourly meteorological function. A simple Gaussian representation of the pollen season worked well (average r = 0.54), but lacks the spatial and temporal variation that the satellite-derived Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) data can provide. However poor results were obtained using the EVI gradient (average r = 0.35), which gives the timing when grass turns from maximum greenness to a drying and flowering period; this is due to the greater spatial and temporal variability from this combined spatial and seasonal term. Better results were obtained using statistical methods that combine elements of the EVI dataset, a smooth seasonal term and instantaneous variation based on historical grass pollen observations (average r = 0.69). The seasonal magnitude is inferred from the maximum winter-time EVI, while the timing of the peak of the season was based on the day of the year when the EVI falls to 0.05 below its winter maximum. Measurements are vital to monitor changes in the pollen season, and the new pollen measurement sites in the Victorian network should be maintained.

show abstract

Pollen Rupture and Its Impact on Precipitation in Clean Continental Conditions

Cited by 47 publications

References 58 publications

Development and evaluation of pollen source methodologies for the Victorian Grass Pollen Emissions Module VGPEM1.0

Development and evaluation of pollen source methodologies for the Victorian Grass Pollen Emissions Module VGPEM1.0

Environmental factors and asthma hospitalization in Montreal, Canada, during spring 2006–2008: a synergy perspective

Development and evaluation of pollen source methodologies for the Victorian Grass Pollen Emissions Module VGPEM1.0

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About