Pollen Spectra From Pliocene Crag at Orford, Suffolk

Andrew, R.; West, R. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1977.tb02175.x

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Hodgson & Funnel (1987) and Funnel (1996) noted that the pollen from the Coralline Crag (Andrew & West, 1977) and Luchtbal Sands (Zagwijn & van Staalduinen, 1975; questionably based on Hacquaert, 1960Hacquaert, , 1963 had both been assigned to the Brunsummian pollen stage of the Netherlands; however, the Brunsummian pollen stage spans the entire Zanclean (Zagwijn & Doppert, 1978), affording no conclusive evidence of correlation. Hodgson & Funnel (1987) and Funnel (1996) noted that the pollen from the Coralline Crag (Andrew & West, 1977) and Luchtbal Sands (Zagwijn & van Staalduinen, 1975; questionably based on Hacquaert, 1960Hacquaert, , 1963 had both been assigned to the Brunsummian pollen stage of the Netherlands; however, the Brunsummian pollen stage spans the entire Zanclean (Zagwijn & Doppert, 1978), affording no conclusive evidence of correlation.…”

Section: B Eastern England and Southern North Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past, pollen studies have been used as supporting evidence for a correlation between the Luchtbal Sands and the Coralline Crag Formation. Hodgson & Funnel (1987) and Funnel (1996) noted that the pollen from the Coralline Crag (Andrew & West, 1977) and Luchtbal Sands (Zagwijn & van Staalduinen, 1975; questionably based on Hacquaert, 1960, 1963) had both been assigned to the Brunsummian pollen stage of the Netherlands; however, the Brunsummian pollen stage spans the entire Zanclean (Zagwijn & Doppert, 1978), affording no conclusive evidence of correlation.…”

Section: Southern North Sea Basin Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy, palaeoecology and sequence stratigraphy of the Tunnel-Canal Dock, Belgium

2008

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Dinoflagellate cysts and sequence stratigraphy are used to date accurately the Tunnel-Canal Dock section, which contains the most complete record of marine Pliocene deposits in the Antwerp harbour area. The Zanclean Kattendijk Formation was deposited between 5.0 and 4.4 Ma during warm-temperate conditions on a shelf influenced by open-marine waters. The overlying Lillo Formation is divided into four members. The lowest is the Luchtbal Sands Member, estimated to have been deposited between 3.71 and 3.21 Ma, under cooler conditions but with an open-water influence. The Oorderen Sands, Kruisschans Sands and Merksem Sands members of the Lillo Formation are considered a single depositional sequence, and biostratigraphically dated between 3.71 and c. 2.6 Ma, with the Oorderen Sands Member no younger than 2.72-2.74 Ma. Warm-temperate conditions had returned, but a cooling event is noted within the Oorderen Sands Member. Shoaling of the depositional environment is also evidenced, with the transgressive Oorderen Sands Member passing upwards into (near-)coastal high-stand deposits of the Kruisschans Sands and Merksem Sands members, as accommodation space decreased. Applying sequence stratigraphy to our section implies that the Kattendijk/Lillo Formation boundary corresponds to the sequence boundary (SB) Za2 (4.04 Ma), the Luchtbal/Oorderen sands boundary to SB Pia1 (3.21 Ma), and the top of the Merksem Sands to SB Pia2 (2.76 Ma). Finally, the Belgian deposits are compared with marine Pliocene deposits of eastern England

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Section: B Eastern England and Southern North Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Southern North Sea Basin Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy, palaeoecology and sequence stratigraphy of the Tunnel-Canal Dock, Belgium

2008

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“…Pollen of Sciadopitys is a common element of the European Miocene assemblages and leaf litter of Sciadopitys can dominate the uppermost portion of a lignite seam suggesting it could be the penultimate floral component of raised bogs (Mosbrugger et al 1994;Figueiral et al 1999). In the UK Neogene record, Sciadopitys is present in the Serravallian and early Tortonian of the Kenslow Member and forms 1-10% of the assemblage (Pound et al 2012a;Pound and Riding 2016), the Zanclean Coralline Crag (Andrew and West 1977), the Piacenzian Red Crag (Head 1998) and the Pleistocene St Erth Beds (Head 1993). Its near absence from the Trwyn y Parc pollen assemblage could therefore be habitat related, or indicative of an age older than Serravallian.…”

Section: Revised Palynostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoclimate reconstruction and age assessment of the Miocene flora from the Trwyn y Parc solution pipe complex of Anglesey, Wales, UK

Pound

McCoy

2021

Palynology

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The Trwyn y Parc solution pipes on the Isle of Anglesey, Wales, UK are one of only three onshore Miocene fossil flora bearing sites. Here we revise the palynostratigraphy and present new palaeoclimate data for this geoheritage site. By comparison to palynological data from northern Europe the age has been refined from Miocene to Middle Miocene, possibly Langhian. This is confirmed by palaeoclimate reconstructions comparable to the German Middle Miocene, especially the Langhian after the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO). This new information not only confirms the regional importance of Trwyn y Parc, but shows it to be of national importance Our findings show that this Regionally Important Geodiversity Site (RIGs) is of national importance as it is the oldest onshore fossiliferous Neogene deposit in the UK. Based on this, and the unique fossil flora preserved at Trwyn y Parc, the site has significant geoheritage value and should be upgraded to Geological Conservation Review (GCR) status and subsequently protected as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).

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“…Weathering horizons in northeast Scotland have also been assigned to the Middle Miocene (Hall et al., 2015). The Pliocene onshore deposits outcrop in the southeast of England and comprise of shallow marine sediments, represented by the Coralline Crag Formation a (latest Zanclean— earliest Piacenzian; Andrew & West, 1977; King, 2016) and the Red Crag Formation represents a 600–800 kyr time window in the latest Pliocene (Piacenzian‐Gelasian; Davies et al., 2019; Head, 1998; Lee et al., 2018; Riding et al., 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimates: A Comparison of the Co‐Existence Approach, Bayesian and Probability Reconstruction Techniques Using the UK Neogene

Gibson

McCoy

O’Keefe

et al. 2022

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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Little is known about the development of the modern oceanic climate regime of northwest Europe in deep time. During the Neogene (23.03-2.588 Ma), the British Isles had a unique location on the northwest edge of the Eurasian continent forming a peninsula separating the Atlantic Ocean from the North Sea (Harzhauser & Piller, 2007). Neogene sediments of the UK are therefore ideal for understanding the development of Neogene oceanic climates.The modern European climate experiences a prevalence of the westerlies in winter with summer climates being highly latitudinally diverse. Western coastal areas, such as the UK, experience an oceanic, or maritime, climate with highly latitudinally diverse summer climates relative to southern Europe with its Mediterranean climate and dry summers and the subhumid-semi-arid continental climate of eastern Europe (Rohli & Vega, 2008;Vines, 1985). However, during the late Middle Miocene (Serravallian, 13.82-11.62 Ma) summer precipitation patterns suggest Europe was instead dominated by a trade wind system flowing from the northeast to southwest, whilst the Late Miocene was controlled by the westerlies (Böhme, 2004;Quan et al., 2014). However, much of this work is based upon the central European basins and does not, potentially, reflect terrestrial environments with a strong oceanic control. In addition, the majority of terrestrial paleoclimate reconstructions are generated through the Co-existence Approach (Burls et al., 2021;Utescher et al., 2014). Whilst this has given us unprecedented understanding of terrestrial climate development (e.g., Utescher et al., 2017), the reconstruction of a Abstract Neogene sediments in the UK are ideally situated for understanding the early development of hydrological dynamics and atmospheric circulation that led to the modern oceanic climate of northwest Europe. Onshore Neogene fossiliferous deposits in the UK are limited to the solution pipe fills at Trwyn y Parc in Anglesey (Middle Miocene), the Brassington Formation of Derbyshire (Serravallian-Tortonian), and the Coralline Crag Formation (latest Zanclean-earliest Piacenzian) and Red Crag Formation (Piacenzian-Gelasian) in southeast England. Palynoflora from these localities can be used to provide snapshots into the climate at the time of deposition, however, palaeobotanical-based reconstructions are typically lacking in their poor estimation of error. Therefore, we present the first pre-Quaternary application of two terrestrial climate reconstruction techniques: CREST (Climate Reconstruction SofTware) and CRACLE (Climate Reconstruction Analysis using Coexistence Likelihood Estimation), that use Bayesian and likelihood estimation probability respectively to generate a new palaeoclimate reconstruction, and compare this to Co-existence Approach reconstructions from the UK and continental Europe. Our study shows how Mean Annual Temperature (MAT) declines by 3°-6°C, Mean Annual Precipitation (MAP) declines by 480-600 mm and Precipitation Seasonality approximately halves throughout the Neogene. CREST and ...

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Pollen Spectra From Pliocene Crag at Orford, Suffolk

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy, palaeoecology and sequence stratigraphy of the Tunnel-Canal Dock, Belgium

Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy, palaeoecology and sequence stratigraphy of the Tunnel-Canal Dock, Belgium

Palaeoclimate reconstruction and age assessment of the Miocene flora from the Trwyn y Parc solution pipe complex of Anglesey, Wales, UK

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimates: A Comparison of the Co‐Existence Approach, Bayesian and Probability Reconstruction Techniques Using the UK Neogene

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